Kumar Sandeep, Dixit Garima
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Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2016 Apr 9;29(5):/j/ijamh.2017.29.issue-5/ijamh-2015-0114/ijamh-2015-0114.xml. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2015-0114.
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a serious dental health problem affecting adolescents and needs special attention.
To determine and compare the prevalence of TDIs in children attending special needs schools and normal school children and identify the risk factors for its occurrence.
The study included 150 special needs school children and 300 normal school children in the 12-15 year age group. A questionnaire was prepared that collected information on socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents like age, sex, and details of the injury-event. The clinical examination was carried out using American Dental Association (ADA) type 3 technique following universal precautions.
The children attending special needs schools showed higher prevalence of TDIs than normal school children. Maxillary central incisors were the most commonly affected teeth. A majority of them showed injuries restricted to enamel fracture only and the most common cause for injury was "falling over". Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significantly higher tendency for special needs children, boys, children with an overjet more than 3 mm, and inadequate lip closure to develop injuries.
TDIs were more prevalent in children attending special needs schools. An overjet more than 3 mm emerged as the strongest risk predictor. Effective policies need to be drafted to treat the injuries and correct the malocclusion.
创伤性牙损伤（TDIs）是一个影响青少年的严重口腔健康问题，需要特别关注。
确定并比较特殊需求学校儿童和普通学校儿童中TDIs的患病率，并确定其发生的危险因素。
该研究纳入了150名12至15岁的特殊需求学校儿童和300名普通学校儿童。编制了一份问卷，收集受访者的社会人口学特征信息，如年龄、性别以及损伤事件的细节。按照通用预防措施，采用美国牙科协会（ADA）3型技术进行临床检查。
特殊需求学校的儿童TDIs患病率高于普通学校儿童。上颌中切牙是最常受影响的牙齿。大多数病例仅表现为釉质骨折损伤，最常见的损伤原因是“摔倒”。逻辑回归分析表明，特殊需求儿童、男孩、覆盖超过3mm的儿童以及唇闭合不全的儿童发生损伤的倾向显著更高。
TDIs在特殊需求学校儿童中更为普遍。覆盖超过3mm是最强的风险预测因素。需要制定有效的政策来治疗损伤并矫正错牙合畸形。
