平板电脑作为中心视野丧失者阅读辅助工具的价值：静态文本与滚动文本的偏心阅读评估
The value of Tablets as reading aids for individuals with central visual field loss: an evaluation of eccentric reading with static and scrolling text.
作者信息
Walker Robin, Bryan Lauren, Harvey Hannah, Riazi Afsane, Anderson Stephen J
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.
Neurosciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
出版信息
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2016 Jul;36(4):459-64. doi: 10.1111/opo.12296. Epub 2016 Apr 7.
PURPOSE
Technological devices such as smartphones and tablets are widely available and increasingly used as visual aids. This study evaluated the use of a novel app for tablets (MD_evReader) developed as a reading aid for individuals with a central field loss resulting from macular degeneration. The MD_evReader app scrolls text as single lines (similar to a news ticker) and is intended to enhance reading performance using the eccentric viewing technique by both reducing the demands on the eye movement system and minimising the deleterious effects of perceptual crowding. Reading performance with scrolling text was compared with reading static sentences, also presented on a tablet computer.
METHODS
Twenty-six people with low vision (diagnosis of macular degeneration) read static or dynamic text (scrolled from right to left), presented as a single line at high contrast on a tablet device. Reading error rates and comprehension were recorded for both text formats, and the participant's subjective experience of reading with the app was assessed using a simple questionnaire.
RESULTS
The average reading speed for static and dynamic text was not significantly different and equal to or greater than 85 words per minute. The comprehension scores for both text formats were also similar, equal to approximately 95% correct. However, reading error rates were significantly (p = 0.02) less for dynamic text than for static text. The participants' questionnaire ratings of their reading experience with the MD_evReader were highly positive and indicated a preference for reading with this app compared with their usual method.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data show that reading performance with scrolling text is at least equal to that achieved with static text and in some respects (reading error rate) is better than static text. Bespoke apps informed by an understanding of the underlying sensorimotor processes involved in a cognitive task such as reading have excellent potential as aids for people with visual impairments.
目的
智能手机和平板电脑等技术设备广泛可得，越来越多地被用作视觉辅助工具。本研究评估了一款专为平板电脑开发的新型应用程序（MD_evReader），该应用程序是为黄斑变性导致中心视野缺损的个体开发的阅读辅助工具。MD_evReader应用程序以单行形式滚动文本（类似于新闻滚动条），旨在通过减少对眼球运动系统的需求并最小化感知拥挤的有害影响，利用偏心注视技术提高阅读性能。将滚动文本的阅读性能与同样在平板电脑上呈现的静态句子的阅读性能进行了比较。
方法
26名低视力患者（诊断为黄斑变性）阅读在平板电脑设备上以高对比度单行呈现的静态或动态文本（从右向左滚动）。记录两种文本格式的阅读错误率和阅读理解情况，并使用一份简单问卷评估参与者使用该应用程序阅读的主观体验。
结果
静态和动态文本的平均阅读速度没有显著差异，均等于或大于每分钟85个单词。两种文本格式的理解得分也相似，约为95%正确。然而，动态文本的阅读错误率显著低于静态文本（p = 0.02）。参与者对使用MD_evReader阅读体验的问卷评分非常积极，并表示与他们通常的阅读方法相比，更喜欢使用这款应用程序阅读。
结论
我们的数据表明，滚动文本的阅读性能至少与静态文本相当，并且在某些方面（阅读错误率）优于静态文本。基于对诸如阅读等认知任务所涉及的潜在感觉运动过程的理解而定制的应用程序，作为视障人士的辅助工具具有巨大潜力。
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