La Delfa Nicholas J, Grondin Diane E, Cox Jocelyn, Potvin Jim R, Howarth Samuel J
a Faculty of Science, Department of Kinesiology , McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada.
b Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Canada.
Ergonomics. 2017 Jan;60(1):127-137. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1171402. Epub 2016 Apr 11.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postural and muscular demands placed on the shoulders and neck of dental hygienists when performing a simulated manual scaling task. Nineteen healthy female dental hygienists performed 30-min of simulated manual scaling on a manikin head in a laboratory setting. Surface electromyography was used to monitor muscle activity from several neck and shoulder muscles, and neck and arm elevation kinematics were evaluated using motion capture. The simulated scaling task resulted in a large range of neck and arm elevation angles and excessive low-level muscular demands in the neck extensor and scapular stabilising muscles. The physical demands varied depending on the working position of the hygienists relative to the manikin head. These findings are valuable in guiding future ergonomics interventions aimed at reducing the physical exposures of dental hygiene work. Practitioner Summary: Given that this study evaluates the physical demands of manual scaling, a procedure that is fundamental to dental hygiene work, the findings are valuable to identify ergonomics interventions to reduce the prevalence of work-related injuries, disability and the potential for early retirement among this occupational group.
本研究的目的是评估牙科保健员在执行模拟手工洁治任务时，其肩部和颈部所承受的姿势及肌肉负荷。19名健康的女性牙科保健员在实验室环境中，在人体模型头部进行了30分钟的模拟手工洁治。使用表面肌电图监测颈部和肩部几块肌肉的活动，并通过动作捕捉评估颈部和手臂抬高的运动学情况。模拟洁治任务导致颈部和手臂抬高角度范围较大，且颈部伸肌和肩胛稳定肌出现过度的低水平肌肉负荷。身体需求因保健员相对于人体模型头部的工作位置而异。这些发现对于指导未来旨在减少牙科保健工作中身体暴露的人体工程学干预措施具有重要价值。从业者总结：鉴于本研究评估了手工洁治这一牙科保健工作的基本操作的身体需求，这些发现对于确定人体工程学干预措施以降低该职业群体中与工作相关的伤害、残疾及提前退休可能性的发生率具有重要价值。
