a Department of Chemistry , National Institute of Technology , Hamirpur , HP 177005 , India.
b Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology , Hamirpur , HP 177001 , India.
J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2016 May;34(5):1061-78. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1056549. Epub 2016 Apr 12.
Juvenile hormone (JH) analogs are nowadays in use to control harmful pests. In order to develop new bioactive molecules as potential pesticides, we have incorporated different active structural features like sulfonamide, aromatic rings, amide group, and amino acid moiety to the base structure. We have screened a series of designed novel JH analogs against JH receptor protein (jhbpGm-2RCK) of Galleria mellonella in comparison to commercial insect growth regulators (IGRs) - Pyriproxyfen (T1) and Fenoxycarb (T2). All analogs exhibit the binding energy profile comparable to commercial IGRs. Based upon these results, a series of sulfonamide-based JHAs (T3-T8) as IGRs have been synthesized and characterized. Further, the efficacy of synthesized analogs (T3-T8) and commercial IGRs (Pyriproxyfen and Fenoxycarb) has been assessed against fourth instars larvae of G. mellonella under the laboratory conditions. LC50 values of all the analogs (T1-T8) against the fourth instars larvae were 9.99, 10.12, 24.76, 30.73, 38.45, 34.15, 34.14, 19.48 ppm and the LC90 153.27, 131.69, 112.15, 191.46, 427.02, 167.13, 217.10, 172.00 ppm, respectively. Among these analogs, N-(1-isopropyl-2-oxo-3-aza-3-N-ethyl-pentanyl)-p-toluene sulfonamide (T8) and N-(1-isopropyl-2-oxo-3-aza-3-N-ethyl-pentanyl) benzene sulfonamide (T7) exhibited the good pest larval mortality at different exposure periods (in hours) and different concentrations (in ppm) in comparison to in use IGRs- T1 and T2. Bio assay results are supported by docking at higher concentration. The present investigation clearly exhibits that analog T8 could serve as a potential IGR in comparison to in use IGRs (T1 and T2). The results are promising and provide new array of synthetic chemicals that may be utilized as IGRs.
保幼激素（JH）类似物如今被用于控制有害害虫。为了开发新的生物活性分子作为潜在的杀虫剂，我们将不同的活性结构特征，如磺酰胺、芳环、酰胺基团和氨基酸部分，整合到基本结构中。我们已经筛选了一系列设计的新型 JH 类似物，以对抗 Galleria mellonella 的 JH 受体蛋白（jhbpGm-2RCK），并与商业昆虫生长调节剂（IGRs）-吡丙醚（T1）和苯氧威（T2）进行了比较。所有类似物均表现出与商业 IGR 相当的结合能谱。基于这些结果，我们合成并表征了一系列基于磺酰胺的 JHAs（T3-T8）作为 IGR。此外，我们还在实验室条件下，评估了合成类似物（T3-T8）和商业 IGR（吡丙醚和苯氧威）对 G. mellonella 第四龄幼虫的药效。所有类似物（T1-T8）对第四龄幼虫的 LC50 值分别为 9.99、10.12、24.76、30.73、38.45、34.15、34.14、19.48 ppm，LC90 值分别为 153.27、131.69、112.15、191.46、427.02、167.13、217.10、172.00 ppm。在这些类似物中，N-（1-异丙基-2-氧代-3-氮杂-3-N-乙基戊基）-对甲苯磺酰胺（T8）和 N-（1-异丙基-2-氧代-3-氮杂-3-N-乙基戊基）苯磺酰胺（T7）在不同暴露时间（小时）和不同浓度（ppm）下，对害虫幼虫的死亡率均表现出良好的效果，优于市售 IGRs-T1 和 T2。对接实验结果在较高浓度下得到了支持。本研究清楚地表明，类似物 T8 可以作为一种潜在的 IGR，与市售 IGRs（T1 和 T2）相比。结果很有前景，为可能用作 IGR 的新的合成化学品提供了新的选择。
