Herlitz Anders, Horan David
Department of Philosophy, Linguistics and Theory of Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Philosophy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, United States.
School of Politics and International Relations and the UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland.
Soc Sci Med. 2016 May;157:96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.03.002. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Much research aimed at developing measures for normative criteria to guide the assessment of healthcare resource allocation decisions has focused on health maximization, equity concerns and more recently approaches based on health capabilities. However, a widely embraced idea is that health resources should be allocated to meet health needs. Little attention has been given to the principle of need which is often mentioned as an alternative independent criteria that could be used to guide healthcare evaluations. This paper develops a model and indicator of need satisfaction that aggregates the health needs of a population in a particular time period into a single measure that weights individual health needs by the severity of their ill health. The paper provides a first step towards formalizing the principle of need as a measurable objective for healthcare policy and we discuss some challenges for future research, including incorporating the duration of time into need-based health evaluations.
许多旨在制定规范性标准措施以指导医疗资源分配决策评估的研究都聚焦于健康最大化、公平性问题，以及最近基于健康能力的方法。然而，一个被广泛接受的观点是，医疗资源应被分配以满足健康需求。对于需求原则，人们关注甚少，而需求原则常被提及作为可用于指导医疗评估的另一种独立标准。本文构建了一个需求满足模型和指标，该模型将特定时间段内人群的健康需求汇总为单一指标，通过个体健康问题的严重程度对其健康需求进行加权。本文朝着将需求原则形式化为医疗政策可衡量目标迈出了第一步，并且我们讨论了未来研究面临的一些挑战，包括将时间跨度纳入基于需求的健康评估。
