Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Department of Public Health Science, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2016 Apr 14;26:16013. doi: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2016.13.
The Trying To Quit smoking questionnaire (TTQ), was developed to measure pressure-filled mental states, use of destructive pressure-relief strategies and ambivalent thoughts about quitting smoking among patients with COPD. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the TTQ (available in an extended and in a reduced version) can be used to predict smoking cessation outcomes in smokers with COPD. As higher TTQ scores indicate higher degree of psychological distress, we hypothesised that TTQ scores at baseline would be negatively correlated with the probability of making a quit attempt, reducing the intensity of smoking and achieving complete abstinence during the 3 months. Smokers with COPD were recruited during planned or unplanned visits to primary healthcare centres, and 109 completed the TTQ at baseline and 85% participated in the follow-up after 3 months. Logistic regression was used to measure the association between the original (19 items) and the brief (14 item) version of TTQ scores and three outcomes: making at least one quit attempt, reducing the intensity of smoking and achieving complete abstinence. In a primary analysis among all the participants higher total score in the original version of TTQ was significantly associated with a lower probability of quit attempts. In a secondary analysis of subgroups of patients classified according to their readiness to quit, high TTQ scores at baseline were associated with lower probability of complete abstinence among patients not ready to quit (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.53-0.99). Among patients ready to quit, high score on pressure-filled mental states was associated with lower probability of quit attempts (OR=0.78; 95% CI=0.66-0.94) but with higher probability of reduced smoking (OR=1.32; 95% CI=1.05-1.66). Ambivalent thoughts were associated with lower probability of all outcomes, but estimates were not statistically significant. Destructive coping strategies were inconsistently associated with the outcomes. TTQ in its original version and two of its subscales predicted smoking cessation outcomes in the anticipated direction. Therefore, this instrument may be useful in tailoring smoking cessation counselling for patients with COPD.
《戒烟尝试问卷》（TTQ）旨在衡量 COPD 患者戒烟过程中的精神压力状态、使用破坏性减压策略和戒烟的矛盾心理。本研究的目的是评估 TTQ（有扩展版和精简版）是否可以用于预测 COPD 吸烟者的戒烟结果。由于 TTQ 得分越高表示心理困扰越大，我们假设基线 TTQ 得分与戒烟尝试的可能性、吸烟强度的降低以及 3 个月内完全戒烟的可能性呈负相关。COPD 吸烟者在计划或非计划就诊期间被招募，109 名患者在基线时完成了 TTQ，85%的患者在 3 个月后参加了随访。使用逻辑回归测量 TTQ 原始（19 项）和精简（14 项）版本的得分与以下三个结果之间的关联：至少进行一次戒烟尝试、降低吸烟强度和完全戒烟。在所有参与者的主要分析中，原始 TTQ 总分较高与戒烟尝试的可能性较低显著相关。在根据戒烟准备程度对患者进行分组的二次分析中，基线时 TTQ 得分较高与尚未准备好戒烟的患者完全戒烟的可能性较低相关（调整后比值比（OR）=0.72；95%置信区间（CI）=0.53-0.99）。对于准备戒烟的患者，压力心理状态得分较高与戒烟尝试的可能性较低（OR=0.78；95% CI=0.66-0.94）但与吸烟减少的可能性较高（OR=1.32；95% CI=1.05-1.66）相关。矛盾的想法与所有结果的可能性较低相关，但估计没有统计学意义。破坏性应对策略与结果的相关性不一致。TTQ 的原始版本及其两个分量表在预期方向上预测了戒烟结果。因此，该工具可能有助于为 COPD 患者量身定制戒烟咨询。
