Makoni Annamercy, Chemhuru Milton, Chimbetete Cleopas, Gombe Notion, Mungati More, Bangure Donewell, Tshimanga Mufuta
Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Apr 14;16:331. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-2939-7.
Uptake of and adherence to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) interventions are a challenge to most women if there is no male partner involvement. Organizations which include the National AIDS Council and the Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project- University of Zimbabwe have been working towards mobilizing men for couple HIV testing and counseling (HTC) in antenatal care (ANC). In 2013, Midlands province had 19 % males who were tested together with their partners in ANC, an increase by 9 % from 2011. However, this improvement was still far below the national target, hence this study was conducted to determine the associated factors.
A1:1 unmatched case control study was conducted. A case was a man who did not receive HIV testing and counseling together with his pregnant wife in ANC in Midlands province from January to June 2015. A control was a man who received HIV testing and counseling together with his pregnant wife in ANC in Midlands province from January to June 2015. Simple random sampling was used to select 112 cases and 112 controls. Epi Info statistical software was used to analyze data. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant.
Independent factors that predicted male involvement in PMTCT were: having been previously tested as a couple (aOR) 0.22, 95 % CI = 0.12, 0.41) and having time to visit the clinic (aOR) 0.41, 95 % CI = 0.21, 0.80). Being afraid of knowing one's HIV status (aOR 2.22, 95 % CI = 1.04, 4.76) was independently associated with low male involvement in PMTCT.
Multiple factors were found to be associated with male involvement in PMTCT. Routine PMTCT educational campaigns in places where men gather, community based couple HTC and accommodating the working class during weekends are essential in fostering male involvement in PMTCT thereby reducing HIV transmission to the baby.
如果男性伴侣不参与，大多数女性在接受预防母婴传播艾滋病毒（PMTCT）干预措施时，在接受程度和坚持方面都会面临挑战。包括国家艾滋病委员会和津巴布韦大学津巴布韦艾滋病预防项目在内的组织，一直在努力动员男性在产前护理（ANC）中接受夫妻艾滋病毒检测和咨询（HTC）。2013年，中部省有19%的男性在产前护理中与其伴侣一起接受检测，比2011年增加了9%。然而，这一改善仍远低于国家目标，因此开展了本研究以确定相关因素。
进行了一项1:1配对病例对照研究。病例为2015年1月至6月期间在中部省产前护理中未与其怀孕妻子一起接受艾滋病毒检测和咨询的男性。对照为2015年1月至6月期间在中部省产前护理中与其怀孕妻子一起接受艾滋病毒检测和咨询的男性。采用简单随机抽样选择了112例病例和112例对照。使用Epi Info统计软件分析数据。从每位研究参与者处获得了书面知情同意书。
预测男性参与预防母婴传播的独立因素为：之前曾作为夫妻接受检测（调整后比值比[aOR]为0.22，95%置信区间[CI]=0.12，0.41）以及有时间前往诊所（aOR为0.41，95%CI=0.21，0.80）。害怕知道自己的艾滋病毒感染状况（aOR为2.22，95%CI=1.04，4.76）与男性参与预防母婴传播程度低独立相关。
发现多个因素与男性参与预防母婴传播有关。在男性聚集的地方开展常规的预防母婴传播教育活动、基于社区的夫妻艾滋病毒检测和咨询以及在周末为上班族提供便利，对于促进男性参与预防母婴传播从而减少艾滋病毒向婴儿的传播至关重要。
