Miller Shari, Ringeisen Heather, Munoz Breda, Hedden Sarra L, Colpe Lisa J, Rohloff Harley, Embry Venita
Dr. Miller, Dr. Ringeisen, Dr. Munoz, Ms. Rohloff, and Ms. Embry are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (e-mail:
Psychiatr Serv. 2016 Jun 1;67(6):642-9. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400486. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
This study examined correlates of use of outpatient and inpatient mental health services and psychotropic medication in a large, nationally representative sample of young adults ages 18-26 with mental illness (N=22,600).
Data were from the 2008-2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual nationally representative survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S.
Separate logistic regression models examined past-year use of three mental health service types (outpatient services, inpatient services, and psychotropic medication). Correlates included demographic characteristics, factors developmentally relevant to young adults, and general medical and mental health status.
Within this sample of young adults with mental illness, 20.4% used outpatient services, 3.6% used inpatient services, and 25.4% used psychotropic medication. Variables associated with use of one or more types of mental health services included being female (outpatient and medication), one to two moves in the past year (medication), having health insurance (all types), past-year criminal justice involvement (all types), poor health (inpatient and medication), substance use disorders (inpatient and medication), and mental illness with severe impairment (all types). Non-Hispanic blacks, Asians, and Hispanics were less likely than non-Hispanic whites to receive outpatient mental health services or psychotropic medications. Surprisingly, young adults employed full-time were less likely than those who were unemployed to receive services, and living with a partner (versus living alone) was not associated with a likelihood of using outpatient services.
Results support the unique nature of young adulthood and the need to tailor mental health services to close gaps in service use during this developmental period.
本研究在一个具有全国代表性的大型样本（N = 22,600）中，调查了年龄在18 - 26岁患有精神疾病的年轻人使用门诊和住院精神卫生服务以及精神药物的相关因素。
数据来自2008 - 2012年全国药物使用和健康调查，这是一项对美国非机构化平民进行的年度全国代表性调查。
采用单独的逻辑回归模型，研究过去一年中三种精神卫生服务类型（门诊服务、住院服务和精神药物）的使用情况。相关因素包括人口统计学特征、与年轻人发展相关的因素以及一般医疗和精神健康状况。
在这个患有精神疾病的年轻成人样本中，20.4%使用门诊服务，3.6%使用住院服务，25.4%使用精神药物。与使用一种或多种精神卫生服务类型相关的变量包括女性（门诊服务和药物）、过去一年中有一到两次搬家（药物）、拥有医疗保险（所有类型）、过去一年涉及刑事司法（所有类型）、健康状况差（住院服务和药物）、物质使用障碍（住院服务和药物）以及患有严重损害的精神疾病（所有类型）。非西班牙裔黑人、亚洲人和西班牙裔比非西班牙裔白人接受门诊精神卫生服务或精神药物治疗的可能性更小。令人惊讶的是，全职工作的年轻人比失业者接受服务的可能性更小，与伴侣同住（相对于独自生活）与使用门诊服务的可能性无关。
研究结果支持了青年期的独特性质，以及在这一发展阶段需要调整精神卫生服务以缩小服务使用差距的必要性。
