Tucker Philip, Albrecht Sophie, Kecklund Göran, Beckers Debby G J, Leineweber Constanze
a Stress Research Institute , Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden.
b Psychology Department , Swansea University , Swansea , United Kingdom , and.
Chronobiol Int. 2016;33(6):619-29. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1167723. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
We examined whether the beneficial impact of work time control (WTC) on sleep leads to lower accident risk, using data from a nationally representative survey conducted in Sweden. Logistic regressions examined WTC in 2010 and 2012 as predictors of accidents occurring in the subsequent 2 years (N = 4840 and 4337, respectively). Sleep disturbance and frequency of short sleeps in 2012 were examined as potential mediators of the associations between WTC in 2010 and subsequent accidents as reported in 2014 (N = 3636). All analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, occupational category, weekly work hours, shift work status, job control and perceived accident risk at work. In both waves, overall WTC was inversely associated with accidents (p = 0.048 and p = 0.038, respectively). Analyses of the sub-dimensions of WTC indicated that Control over Daily Hours (influence over start and finish times, and over length of shift) did not predict accidents in either wave, while Control over Time-off (CoT; influence over taking breaks, running private errands during work and taking paid leave) predicted fewer accidents in both waves (p = 0.013 and p = 0.010). Sleep disturbance in 2012 mediated associations between WTC/CoT in 2010 and accidents in 2014, although effects' sizes were small (effectWTC = -0.006, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.018 to -0.001; effectCoT = -0.009, 95%CI = -0.022 to -0.001; unstandardized coefficients), with the indirect effects of sleep disturbance accounting for less than 5% of the total direct and indirect effects. Frequency of short sleeps was not a significant mediator. WTC reduces the risk of subsequently being involved in an accident, although sleep may not be a strong component of the mechanism underlying this association.
我们利用在瑞典进行的一项具有全国代表性的调查数据，研究了工作时间控制（WTC）对睡眠的有益影响是否会降低事故风险。逻辑回归分析将2010年和2012年的WTC作为随后两年发生事故的预测因素（分别为N = 4840和4337）。2012年的睡眠障碍和短睡眠频率被作为2010年的WTC与2014年报告的随后事故之间关联的潜在中介因素进行研究（N = 3636）。所有分析都对年龄、性别、教育程度、职业类别、每周工作小时数、轮班工作状态、工作控制和工作中感知到的事故风险进行了调整。在这两个时间段中，总体WTC均与事故呈负相关（分别为p = 0.048和p = 0.038）。对WTC子维度的分析表明，每日工作时间控制（对开始和结束时间以及轮班时长的影响）在两个时间段中均未预测事故，而休息时间控制（CoT；对休息、工作期间处理私人事务和休带薪假的影响）在两个时间段中均预测事故较少（p = 0.013和p = 0.010）。2012年的睡眠障碍介导了2010年的WTC/CoT与2014年事故之间的关联，尽管效应量较小（效应WTC = -0.006，95%置信区间[CI] = -0.018至-0.001；效应CoT = -0.009，95%CI = -0.022至-0.001；未标准化系数），睡眠障碍的间接效应占总直接和间接效应的比例不到5%。短睡眠频率不是一个显著的中介因素。WTC降低了随后卷入事故的风险，尽管睡眠可能不是这种关联背后机制的一个强大组成部分。
