Kar Banya, Moussa Cisse, Mohapatra Amruta, Mohanty Jyotirmaya, Jayasankar Pallipuram, Sahoo Pramoda Kumar
Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India.
University Nangui Abrogoua, 02 Bp 801 Abidjan O2, West-Africa, Ivory Coast.
Vet Parasitol. 2016 May 15;221:76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.03.013. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
Branchiuran ectoparasites of the genus Argulus can have extensive damaging effects on cultured fish. There exist no systematic studies that evaluate susceptibility or resistance of various carp species to Argulus sp. and the underlying mechanisms. The present study aimed at identifying the most susceptible and resistant cultured species, studying settlement and survival of parasite on these species, and finally unravelling the variations of immune response in both resistant and susceptible species. Fish from eight species (Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Carassius auratus, Labeo fimbriatus) were individually challenged with metanauplii of A. siamensis (100 metanauplii/fish) before rearing them in single tank in triplicate for 45 days. Based on the observed parasite load on each species, L. rohita was found to be the most susceptible and C. idella the resistant species. The settlement and survival of the parasite on L. rohita and C. idella was compared at 24, 48, 72 and 96h post experimental infection. Survival was significantly low at 72h onwards in C. idella indicating it is an unsuitable/poorly preferred host for A. siamensis. The inflammatory responses which are known to be related to susceptibility were analysed. Individuals of both the species were exposed to A. siamensis (100 parasites/fish), and after 24h and 3 d, skin samples directly from the attachment site and non-attachment sites were assessed for transcriptomic profiles of selected innate defence genes. Artificial skin abrasion permitted comparisons between abrasion associated injury and louse-associated injury. The inflammatory responses varied significantly between both species indicating their role in determining susceptibility of a host to A. siamensis. The expression of major histocompatibility class II and matrix metalloproteinase 2 was significantly higher in C. idella compared to L. rohita and therefore appeared to be involved in the early protective response against A. siamensis. It is essential to study the expression pattern of more participatory genes of the inflammation related pathways to understand species specific susceptible patterns.
鱼虱属的鳃尾亚纲体外寄生虫会对养殖鱼类产生广泛的破坏作用。目前尚无系统研究评估各种鲤鱼品种对鱼虱属寄生虫的易感性或抗性及其潜在机制。本研究旨在确定最易感和最具抗性的养殖品种，研究寄生虫在这些品种上的附着和存活情况，最终揭示抗性和易感品种免疫反应的差异。来自八个品种（印度鲤、麦瑞加拉鲮、印度野鲮、鳙鱼、鲤鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、条纹野鲮）的鱼分别用暹罗鱼虱无节幼体（100个无节幼体/鱼）进行攻毒，然后将它们分别饲养在单独的水箱中，一式三份，饲养45天。根据观察到的每个品种上的寄生虫负荷，发现印度鲤是最易感品种，草鱼是抗性品种。在实验感染后24、48、72和96小时比较了寄生虫在印度鲤和草鱼上的附着和存活情况。在草鱼中，72小时后存活率显著降低，这表明草鱼是暹罗鱼虱不合适/不太喜欢的宿主。分析了已知与易感性相关的炎症反应。两个品种的个体都暴露于暹罗鱼虱（100个寄生虫/鱼），在24小时和3天后，直接从附着部位和非附着部位采集皮肤样本，评估选定的固有防御基因的转录组图谱。人工皮肤擦伤允许比较擦伤相关损伤和虱子相关损伤。两个品种之间的炎症反应差异显著，表明它们在决定宿主对暹罗鱼虱的易感性方面发挥了作用。与印度鲤相比，草鱼中主要组织相容性复合体II类和基质金属蛋白酶2的表达显著更高，因此似乎参与了对暹罗鱼虱的早期保护反应。研究炎症相关途径中更多参与基因的表达模式对于了解品种特异性易感模式至关重要。
