癫痫女性面临的问题。
Issues for Women with Epilepsy.
作者信息
Vélez-Ruiz Naymeé J, Pennell Page B
机构信息
Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, University of Miami, 1120 Northwest, 14th Street, Suite 1329, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
出版信息
Neurol Clin. 2016 May;34(2):411-25, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2015.11.009. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs affect the menstrual cycle, aspects of contraception, reproductive health, pregnancy, and menopause through alteration of sex steroid hormone pathways. Sex steroid hormones often have an effect on seizure frequency and may alter the level of some antiepileptic drugs. Approximately one-third of women experience an increase in perimenstrual and/or periovulatory seizure frequency. Some women experience an increase in seizure frequency during pregnancy. Balancing maternal seizure control and the risk of congenital malformations associated with fetal antiepileptic drug exposure may be challenging. Some antiepileptic drugs are associated with cognitive and behavioral teratogenesis and should be avoided if possible during pregnancy.
癫痫和抗癫痫药物通过改变性甾体激素途径影响月经周期、避孕、生殖健康、妊娠和绝经等方面。性甾体激素常对癫痫发作频率有影响，且可能改变某些抗癫痫药物的水平。约三分之一的女性在月经周期和/或排卵期癫痫发作频率增加。一些女性在孕期癫痫发作频率增加。平衡母体癫痫控制与胎儿暴露于抗癫痫药物相关的先天性畸形风险可能具有挑战性。一些抗癫痫药物与认知和行为致畸有关，孕期应尽可能避免使用。
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