Venter Carina, Maslin Kate
Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2016;85:19-27. doi: 10.1159/000439479. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
Infant food and weaning practices are highly debated with lots of unanswered questions. It is becoming more apparent that early-life feeding may have an effect on the long-term health of humans, particularly for noncommunicable diseases such as obesity and allergic diseases. It is important to understand how environmental influences in early life can affect the development of the immune system and metabolic profiling. In terms of nutrition and diet, one should consider the role of the total/whole diet, as well as particular nutrients in the development of noncommunicable diseases. Providing the appropriate nutrition for infants during the weaning age needs to address factors such as the microbial load of the food, nutrient composition, presence/absence of allergens and appropriate textures. These factors are of importance irrespective of whether the food is homemade or produced commercially, and need to take environmental factors and food resources into account.
婴儿食品和断奶做法备受争议，存在许多未解决的问题。越来越明显的是，早期喂养可能会对人类的长期健康产生影响，尤其是对于肥胖和过敏性疾病等非传染性疾病。了解生命早期的环境影响如何影响免疫系统的发育和代谢特征非常重要。在营养和饮食方面，应考虑整个饮食的作用，以及特定营养素在非传染性疾病发展中的作用。在断奶期为婴儿提供适当的营养需要考虑食物的微生物负荷、营养成分、过敏原的存在与否以及适当的质地等因素。无论食物是自制的还是商业生产的，这些因素都很重要，并且需要考虑环境因素和食物资源。
