Ringnes Hege Kristin, Hegstad Harald
MF Norwegian School of Theology, P.O.Box. 5144, Majorstuen, N-0302, Oslo, Norway.
J Relig Health. 2016 Oct;55(5):1672-87. doi: 10.1007/s10943-016-0236-5.
This study focuses on the requirement of JWs to refuse medical blood transfusions. We identified a life-death cognitive dissonance among JWs, with the opposing cognitions of being willing to sacrifice life by religious standards, while being unwilling to do so. Using a theory that connects cognitive dissonance with the need to regulate difficult emotions to analyze our qualitative data material, we identified two sets of dissonance reduction strategies among the JWs. Set 1 was tied to the individual-group: selective focus on eternal life, a non-blood support and control system, and increased individualization of treatment choices. Set 2 was in the religion versus medicine intersection: denial of risk combined with optimism, perception of blood as dangerous, and use of medical language to underscore religious doctrine.
本研究聚焦于耶和华见证者拒绝医疗输血的要求。我们在耶和华见证者中识别出一种生死认知失调，其存在两种相互对立的认知：按照宗教标准愿意牺牲生命，同时又不愿意这么做。运用一种将认知失调与调节困难情绪的需求联系起来的理论来分析我们的定性数据资料，我们在耶和华见证者中识别出了两组减少失调的策略。第一组与个体 - 群体相关：有选择地关注永生、一个非输血支持和控制系统，以及治疗选择的个体化增强。第二组处于宗教与医学的交叉领域：否认风险并保持乐观、将血液视为危险物，以及使用医学术语来强化宗教教义。
