Jackowska Marta, Ronaldson Amy, Brown Jennie, Steptoe Andrew
Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK.
Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK.
J Psychosom Res. 2016 May;84:52-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.03.017. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
Objective and self-reported sleep are only moderately correlated and it is uncertain if these two types of sleep measures are associated with distinct biological and psychological outcomes.
Participants were 119 healthy women aged 26years on average. Cortisol and blood pressure assessed over one day were the measures of biological function. Psychological variables included optimism, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect as well as emotional distress. Sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Quality Index (PSQI), wrist actigraphy and sleep diaries.
Global sleep ratings on the PSQI were unrelated to objective sleep efficiency, duration or latency. Sleep duration derived from sleep diaries was highly correlated with objective duration but was unrelated to the PSQI measure. More disturbed sleep on the PSQI was associated with lower psychological wellbeing, as indicated by reduced levels of optimism, life satisfaction and positive affect as well as greater negative affect and emotional distress. Objective sleep efficiency was reduced among participants with lower positive and higher negative affect but there were no other associations between objective sleep indicators and psychological variables tested in our study. Participants with poorer self-reported sleep had lower cortisol awakening response while those with longer objective sleep latency had higher diastolic blood pressure, independently of covariates.
Our study reveals that self-reported and objective sleep measures, in particular those regarding sleep quality, are weakly associated but have different psychological and biological correlates. This suggests that findings relating self-reported sleep may not necessarily be corroborated by objective sleep indicators.
客观睡眠与自我报告的睡眠仅呈中等程度相关，且这两种睡眠测量类型是否与不同的生物学和心理学结果相关尚不确定。
参与者为119名平均年龄26岁的健康女性。一天内评估的皮质醇和血压是生物学功能的测量指标。心理变量包括乐观、生活满意度、积极和消极情绪以及情绪困扰。睡眠通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、手腕活动记录仪和睡眠日记进行评估。
PSQI上的总体睡眠评分与客观睡眠效率、时长或潜伏期无关。睡眠日记得出的睡眠时间与客观时长高度相关，但与PSQI测量无关。PSQI上睡眠干扰更大与较低的心理健康相关，表现为乐观、生活满意度和积极情绪水平降低，以及消极情绪和情绪困扰增加。积极情绪较低和消极情绪较高的参与者客观睡眠效率降低，但在我们的研究中，客观睡眠指标与所测试的心理变量之间没有其他关联。自我报告睡眠较差的参与者皮质醇觉醒反应较低，而客观睡眠潜伏期较长的参与者舒张压较高，不受协变量影响。
我们的研究表明，自我报告的睡眠测量和客观睡眠测量，特别是关于睡眠质量的测量，关联较弱，但具有不同的心理和生物学相关性。这表明自我报告睡眠的研究结果不一定能得到客观睡眠指标的证实。
