Michaud David S, Feder Katya, Keith Stephen E, Voicescu Sonia A, Marro Leonora, Than John, Guay Mireille, Denning Allison, Murray Brian J, Weiss Shelly K, Villeneuve Paul J, van den Berg Frits, Bower Tara
Health Canada, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Consumer & Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Health Canada, Population Studies Division, Biostatistics Section, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Sleep. 2016 Jan 1;39(1):97-109. doi: 10.5665/sleep.5326.
To investigate the association between self-reported and objective measures of sleep and wind turbine noise (WTN) exposure.
The Community Noise and Health Study, a cross-sectional epidemiological study, included an in-house computer-assisted interview and sleep pattern monitoring over a 7 d period. Outdoor WTN levels were calculated following international standards for conditions that typically approximate the highest long-term average levels at each dwelling. Study data were collected between May and September 2013 from adults, aged 18-79 y (606 males, 632 females) randomly selected from each household and living between 0.25 and 11.22 kilometers from operational wind turbines in two Canadian provinces. Self-reported sleep quality over the past 30 d was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Additional questions assessed the prevalence of diagnosed sleep disorders and the magnitude of sleep disturbance over the previous year. Objective measures for sleep latency, sleep efficiency, total sleep time, rate of awakening bouts, and wake duration after sleep onset were recorded using the wrist worn Actiwatch2® from a subsample of 654 participants (289 males, 365 females) for a total of 3,772 sleep nights.
Participant response rate for the interview was 78.9%. Outdoor WTN levels reached 46 dB(A) with an arithmetic mean of 35.6 and a standard deviation of 7.4. Self-reported and objectively measured sleep outcomes consistently revealed no apparent pattern or statistically significant relationship to WTN levels. However, sleep was significantly influenced by other factors, including, but not limited to, the use of sleep medication, other health conditions (including sleep disorders), caffeine consumption, and annoyance with blinking lights on wind turbines.
Study results do not support an association between exposure to outdoor WTN up to 46 dB(A) and an increase in the prevalence of disturbed sleep. Conclusions are based on WTN levels averaged over 1 y and, in some cases, may be strengthened with an analysis that examines sleep quality in relation to WTN levels calculated during the precise sleep period time.
调查自我报告的睡眠情况与客观测量的睡眠情况以及风力涡轮机噪声（WTN）暴露之间的关联。
社区噪声与健康研究是一项横断面流行病学研究，包括一次室内计算机辅助访谈以及为期7天的睡眠模式监测。室外WTN水平是按照国际标准计算得出的，这些标准适用于通常接近每个住所最高长期平均水平的条件。研究数据于2013年5月至9月期间收集，研究对象为年龄在18 - 79岁的成年人（606名男性，632名女性），他们从加拿大两个省份的每个家庭中随机选取，居住在距离运行中的风力涡轮机0.25至11.22公里之间。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估过去30天的自我报告睡眠质量。其他问题评估了已诊断睡眠障碍的患病率以及前一年睡眠干扰的程度。使用腕戴式Actiwatch2®记录了654名参与者（289名男性，365名女性）子样本的睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率、总睡眠时间、觉醒发作率以及睡眠开始后的清醒持续时间等客观测量指标，并记录了总共3772个睡眠夜晚的数据。
访谈的参与者回应率为78.9%。室外WTN水平达到46分贝(A)，算术平均值为35.6，标准差为7.4。自我报告和客观测量的睡眠结果一致显示与WTN水平没有明显模式或统计学上的显著关系。然而，睡眠受到其他因素的显著影响，包括但不限于使用睡眠药物、其他健康状况（包括睡眠障碍）、咖啡因摄入以及对风力涡轮机闪烁灯光的烦恼。
研究结果不支持暴露于高达46分贝(A)的室外WTN与睡眠障碍患病率增加之间存在关联。结论基于1年的平均WTN水平，在某些情况下，通过分析睡眠质量与精确睡眠期间计算的WTN水平之间的关系可能会得到加强。
