Doycheva Iliana, Amer Syed, Watt Kymberly D
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University-Sofia, 1 G. Sofiisky Boulevard, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria.
Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2016 May;100(3):551-67. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
De novo malignancies are one of the leading causes of late mortality after liver and kidney transplantation. Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common malignancy, followed by posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder and solid organ tumors. Immunosuppression is a key factor for cancer development, although many other transplant-related and traditional risk factors also play a role. In this review, the authors summarize risk factors and outcomes of frequently encountered de novo malignancies after liver and kidney transplantation to stratify recipients at highest risk. Future efforts in prospectively validated, cost-effective surveillance strategies that improve survival of these complex patients are greatly needed.
新发恶性肿瘤是肝移植和肾移植术后晚期死亡的主要原因之一。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤，其次是移植后淋巴组织增生性疾病和实体器官肿瘤。免疫抑制是癌症发生的关键因素，尽管许多其他与移植相关的和传统的危险因素也起作用。在这篇综述中，作者总结了肝移植和肾移植后常见的新发恶性肿瘤的危险因素和预后情况，以便对高危受者进行分层。非常需要未来在经过前瞻性验证的、具有成本效益的监测策略方面做出努力，以提高这些复杂患者的生存率。
