Pankrác Jan, Novobilský Adam, Rondelaud Daniel, Leontovyč Roman, Syrovátka Vít, Rajský Dušan, Horák Petr, Kašný Martin
Faculty of Science, Department of Parasitology, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Section for Parasitology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden.
Parasitol Res. 2016 Aug;115(8):3119-25. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-5068-4. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
Infection with Fascioloides magna (Digenea) causes serious damage to liver tissue in definitive hosts represented by ruminants, especially cervids. The distribution of F. magna includes the indigenous areas in North America, and the areas to which F. magna was introduced-Central Europe, Southeast Europe, and Italy. The North American intermediate host of F. magna, the freshwater snail Pseudosuccinea columella (Lymnaeidae), is an invasive species recorded in South America, the Caribbean, Africa, Australia, and west and Southeast Europe. In Europe, Galba truncatula is the snail serving for transmission, but P. columella has potential to become here a new intermediate host of F. magna. Little is known about interactions between F. magna and P. columella. In this study, the susceptibility of P. columella (Oregon, USA) to the infection by a single miracidium of the Czech strain of F. magna and the influence of F. magna on snail fecundity, shell height, and survival were evaluated. The data show that the Oregon strain of P. columella is a highly suitable host for the Czech strain of F. magna, with the infection rate of 74 %. In addition, a negative effect on survival rate of infected snails was recorded only in the late phase of infection. The infection was accompanied by a major reduction in egg mass production and by a decrease in the number of eggs per egg mass. The shell height of infected snails did not significantly differ from that in unexposed controls.
巨片形吸虫（复殖目）感染会对以反刍动物尤其是鹿类为终末宿主的肝脏组织造成严重损害。巨片形吸虫的分布包括北美洲的原生区域以及被引入的区域——中欧、东南欧和意大利。巨片形吸虫在北美的中间宿主，淡水螺柱形伪琥珀螺（椎实螺科），是一种在南美洲、加勒比地区、非洲、澳大利亚以及欧洲西部和东南部有记录的入侵物种。在欧洲，截口土蜗是传播媒介，但柱形伪琥珀螺有可能成为这里巨片形吸虫的新中间宿主。关于巨片形吸虫与柱形伪琥珀螺之间的相互作用知之甚少。在本研究中，评估了美国俄勒冈州的柱形伪琥珀螺对捷克株巨片形吸虫单个毛蚴感染的易感性，以及巨片形吸虫对螺类繁殖力、壳高和存活率的影响。数据表明，俄勒冈州的柱形伪琥珀螺菌株是捷克株巨片形吸虫的高度适宜宿主，感染率为74%。此外，仅在感染后期记录到对受感染螺类存活率的负面影响。感染伴随着产卵量大幅减少以及每个卵块中卵的数量减少。受感染螺类的壳高与未暴露对照组相比无显著差异。
