Olivan-Blázquez Bárbara, Rubio-Aranda Encarnación, García-Sanz Olga, Magallón-Botaya Rosa
Departamento de Psicología y Sociología. Universidad de Zaragoza (España) Red de Investigación en Actividades de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud (REDIAPP-GRD06/0018/0020). Instituto de Salud Carlos III Red de Excelencia PSI2014-56303-REDT: PROMOSAM: Investigación en procesos, mecanismos y tratamientos psicológicos para la promoción de la salud mental. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.
Departamento de Microbiología, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Universidad de Zaragoza (España).
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2016 Mar-Apr;44(2):55-63. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Depression is a chronic disease with a high prevalence that normally is episodic and an average episodic duration of 16 weeks. No analyses that evaluate the correlation between the evolution of the episode and its appearance have been found. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between symptomatic progression (appearance, maintenance, remission of different symptoms) and the evolution of the diagnosis of depression (onset, maintenance, and remission) in a cohort of patients diagnosed with and without major depression. A prospective cohort study was performed with a one year follow-up in which a random sample of 741 subjects attending primary care was interviewed. Diagnosis of depression was made according to DSM-IV criteria and symptoms presented were analyzed. These subjects were reevaluated at 6 months and 12 months. Depressed mood state, decreased interest or anhedonia and symptoms related to sleep (insomnia or hypersomnia), agitation, feeling of guilt, fatigue or energy loss, are consistent with the diagnosis. The rest of the symptoms display an evolution independent of the diagnostic trends. In Primary Care, it is important to know which are the key symptoms in the evolution of the diagnosis in order to achieve full remission of depression and avoid maintenance of residual symptoms that can become prodromal.
抑郁症是一种高发性的慢性疾病，通常呈发作性，平均发作持续时间为16周。尚未发现有评估发作演变与其出现之间相关性的分析。本研究的目的是分析一组被诊断患有和未患有重度抑郁症的患者中症状进展（不同症状的出现、维持、缓解）与抑郁症诊断演变（发作、维持和缓解）之间的相关性。进行了一项为期一年随访的前瞻性队列研究，对741名接受初级保健的受试者进行了随机抽样访谈。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准进行抑郁症诊断，并分析所呈现的症状。这些受试者在6个月和12个月时进行了重新评估。抑郁情绪状态、兴趣减退或快感缺失以及与睡眠相关的症状（失眠或嗜睡）、激越、内疚感、疲劳或精力丧失，与诊断相符。其余症状表现出与诊断趋势无关的演变。在初级保健中，了解哪些是诊断演变中的关键症状很重要，以便实现抑郁症的完全缓解并避免残留症状的维持，而残留症状可能会成为前驱症状。
