Shore Benjamin J, Kramer Dennis E
Department of Orthopaedics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
J Pediatr Orthop. 2016 Jun;36 Suppl 1:S11-4. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000767.
Pediatric ankle injuries are common, especially in athletes; however, the incidence of syndesmosis injuries in children has been scarcely reported. Injuries to the ankle syndesmosis, termed "high ankle sprains," can affect high-level and recreational athletes and have been related to delayed return to play, persistent pain, and adult injuries have been associated with long-term disability. Syndesmotic injuries do occur in children, especially those who participate in sports that involve cutting and pivoting (football, soccer) or sports with rigid immobilization of the ankle (skiing, hockey). Unstable pediatric syndesmosis injuries requiring surgical fixation are often associated with concomitant fibular fracture in skeletally mature children. Physician vigilance and careful clinical examination coupled with appropriate radiographs can determine the extent of the injury in the majority of circumstances.
小儿踝关节损伤很常见，尤其是在运动员中；然而，儿童下胫腓联合损伤的发生率鲜有报道。下胫腓联合损伤，即所谓的“高位踝关节扭伤”，可影响高水平和业余运动员，并与延迟重返赛场、持续疼痛有关，而成人损伤则与长期残疾有关。下胫腓联合损伤确实会发生在儿童身上，尤其是那些参与涉及急停和转身动作的运动（足球、英式足球）或踝关节固定僵硬的运动（滑雪、曲棍球）的儿童。需要手术固定的不稳定小儿下胫腓联合损伤，在骨骼成熟的儿童中常伴有腓骨骨折。在大多数情况下，医生的警惕性和仔细的临床检查，再加上适当的X光片，可以确定损伤的程度。
