Griffin Keith T, Bellamy Michael B
Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2017 Apr 20;174(1):62-67. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncw097.
When it comes to determining radiation protection measurements, complex geometries often require the use of computational modeling to solve the problems; the human body is no exception. However, both old and new phantom models have almost always been rigidly created in the vertical upright position. Oak Ridge National Laboratory solved this issue in 2007 by developing a piece of software named 'Phantom with Moving Arms and Legs (PIMAL)', which creates a flexible phantom model for computer simulations. Though the initial hermaphrodite phantom is validated, new gender-specific models need validation against generally accepted values. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the dose coefficients from PIMAL against known values in Federal Guidance Report 12 for water submersion. Of 21 organ-tissue doses, all but 2 matched to within 15% for photon energies above 1 MeV. For plots with notable discrepancies at multiple energies, including bone surface and effective dose, explanations are given to justify differences.
在确定辐射防护测量值时，复杂的几何形状往往需要使用计算模型来解决问题；人体也不例外。然而，无论是旧的还是新的人体模型几乎总是严格地以垂直直立姿势创建的。橡树岭国家实验室在2007年通过开发一款名为“带有可动手臂和腿部的人体模型（PIMAL）”的软件解决了这个问题，该软件为计算机模拟创建了一个灵活的人体模型。尽管最初的雌雄同体人体模型已经过验证，但新的特定性别人体模型需要对照普遍接受的值进行验证。因此，本研究的目的是将PIMAL的剂量系数与《联邦指导报告12》中关于水浸没的已知值进行比较。在21种器官组织剂量中，除2种外，对于能量高于1兆电子伏的光子，所有剂量的匹配度在15%以内。对于在多个能量下存在显著差异的曲线，包括骨表面剂量和有效剂量，给出了解释以说明差异的合理性。
