Howie Erin K, Brewer Alisa E, Brown William H, Saunders Ruth P, Pate Russell R
Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St, Suite 212, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
Department of Educational Studies, College of Education, University of South Carolina, Wardlaw College, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
Eval Program Plann. 2016 Aug;57:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Apr 1.
For public health interventions to have a meaningful impact on public health, they must be disseminated to the wider population. Systematic planning and evaluation of dissemination efforts can aid translation from experimental trials to larger dissemination programs. The Study of Health and Activity in Preschool Environments (SHAPES) was a group-randomized intervention trial conducted in 16 preschools that successfully increased the physical activity of preschool age children. Following the completion of the research study protocol, the intervention was abbreviated, modified and implemented in four preschools that participated as control preschools in the original research study. The purposes of the current study were to describe the process of refining the intervention for dissemination to the control preschools, and to assess the acceptability of the resulting abbreviated intervention delivery. Five overarching behavioral objectives, informed by process evaluation, data from the original trial and collaboration with intervention teachers, were used to guide the implementation. Teachers in the dissemination classrooms reported high levels of acceptability, potential for sustainability of the program, and positive results in knowledge, skills, and child outcomes. Researchers can include a systematic approach to dissemination of effective intervention elements to the control participants in experimental studies to inform future dissemination efforts and begin to bridge the dissemination gap.
为使公共卫生干预措施对公众健康产生有意义的影响，必须将其推广至更广泛的人群。对推广工作进行系统规划和评估有助于将试验转化为更大规模的推广项目。学前环境中的健康与活动研究（SHAPES）是一项在16所学前班开展的群组随机干预试验，成功提高了学龄前儿童的身体活动量。在完成研究方案后，对干预措施进行了简化、修改，并在作为原始研究对照组的4所学前班实施。本研究的目的是描述为向对照组学前班推广而优化干预措施的过程，并评估简化后的干预措施实施的可接受性。基于过程评估、原始试验数据以及与干预教师的合作，确定了五个总体行为目标以指导实施。推广班级的教师报告了较高的可接受性、该项目可持续的可能性，以及在知识、技能和儿童成果方面的积极成果。研究人员可以采用系统方法，将有效的干预要素推广至实验研究中的对照参与者，为未来的推广工作提供信息，并开始弥合推广差距。
