Lev-Yadun Simcha
a Department of Biology & Environment , Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa - Oranim , Tivon , Israel.
Plant Signal Behav. 2016 May 3;11(5):e1179419. doi: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1179419.
There is a common attitude toward plants, accordingly, plants are waiting around to be found and eaten by herbivores. This common approach toward plants is a great underestimation of the huge and variable arsenal of defensive plant strategies. Plants do everything evolution has allowed them to do in order not to be eaten. Therefore, plants are not sitting ducks and many plants outsmart and even exploit many invertebrate and vertebrate herbivores and carnivores for pollination and for seed dispersal, and even carnivores and parasitoids for defense.
相应地,人们对植物有一种普遍的看法,即植物在那里等待着被食草动物发现并吃掉。这种对植物的普遍看法极大地低估了植物防御策略的庞大和多样。植物会尽其所能,利用进化赋予它们的一切手段来避免被吃掉。因此,植物并非任人宰割的对象,许多植物比食草动物更聪明,甚至还会利用许多无脊椎动物和脊椎动物进行授粉和种子传播,甚至利用食肉动物和寄生生物进行防御。