Takano Keisuke, Boddez Yannick, Raes Filip
Center for Learning and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Center for Learning and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2016 Sep;52:157-165. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.04.007. Epub 2016 Apr 26.
Misperception of sleep (e.g., underestimation of sleep time relative to objective measures) is a common feature of insomnia and other psychopathologies. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this tendency, we examined the role of pre-sleep cognitive arousal and overgeneralization.
We monitored the sleep of 54 community dwellers (the majority being university students), using actigraphy and a sleep diary for 7 days. Immediately after this period, the participants provided an additional global evaluation of their sleep for the past week. In this global evaluation, participants were asked to estimate their average number of hours of sleep and the duration of time taken to fall asleep (sleep onset latency) across the past seven nights.
Single-night misperceptions (difference between actigraphy and sleep diary estimations) of sleep time and sleep onset latency were significantly associated with pre-sleep cognitive arousal, but not with overgeneralization. In contrast, global misperception of sleep (difference between sleep diary and global estimations) were associated with overgeneralization, but not with cognitive arousal.
Our sample mainly consisted of female university students, which limits the generalizability of the results.
Misperception of sleep occurs in two cases: (1) in the case of a single night due to excessive arousal, and (2) in the case of multiple nights due to overgeneralization.
对睡眠的错误认知（例如，相对于客观测量，对睡眠时间的低估）是失眠和其他精神病理学的一个常见特征。为了阐明这种倾向背后的机制，我们研究了睡前认知唤醒和过度概括的作用。
我们使用活动记录仪和睡眠日记对54名社区居民（大多数是大学生）的睡眠进行了7天的监测。在此期间结束后，参与者对他们过去一周的睡眠进行了额外的总体评估。在这个总体评估中，参与者被要求估计他们在过去七个晚上的平均睡眠时间以及入睡所需的时间（睡眠起始潜伏期）。
单晚对睡眠时间和睡眠起始潜伏期的错误认知（活动记录仪和睡眠日记估计之间的差异）与睡前认知唤醒显著相关，但与过度概括无关。相比之下，对睡眠的总体错误认知（睡眠日记和总体估计之间的差异）与过度概括有关，但与认知唤醒无关。
我们的样本主要由女大学生组成，这限制了结果的普遍性。
对睡眠的错误认知出现在两种情况下：（1）单晚由于过度唤醒，（2）多晚由于过度概括。
