《人鼠之间》：关于组成型和可招募型棕色脂肪细胞的新见解
Of mice and men: novel insights regarding constitutive and recruitable brown adipocytes.
作者信息
Townsend K L, Tseng Y-H
机构信息
Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
出版信息
Int J Obes Suppl. 2015 Aug;5(Suppl 1):S15-20. doi: 10.1038/ijosup.2015.5. Epub 2015 Aug 4.
Recently, there has been great attention given to the possibility of combating obesity by targeting brown fat activity or increasing differentiation of brown adipocytes in white fat depots through a process termed 'browning'. Sympathetic innervation of brown and white adipose tissues provides adrenergic input that drives thermogenesis and regulates fatty acid metabolism, as well as stimulating adipogenesis of recruitable brown adipocyte tissue (rBAT, also known as beige or brite) in white fat. Other factors acting in an endocrine or autocrine/paracrine manner in adipose tissue may also stimulate browning. There have been significant recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of increasing adipose tissue energy expenditure, as well as how brown adipocytes appear in white fat depots, including via de novo adipogenesis from tissue precursor cells. In this article, we integrate this new knowledge with a historical perspective on the discovery of 'browning'. We also provide an overview of constitutive BAT vs rBAT in mouse and human.
最近，通过靶向褐色脂肪活性或通过一个称为“褐变”的过程增加白色脂肪库中褐色脂肪细胞的分化来对抗肥胖的可能性受到了极大关注。褐色和白色脂肪组织的交感神经支配提供肾上腺素能输入，驱动产热并调节脂肪酸代谢，同时刺激白色脂肪中可募集的褐色脂肪细胞组织（rBAT，也称为米色或亮褐色脂肪）的脂肪生成。脂肪组织中以内分泌或自分泌/旁分泌方式起作用的其他因素也可能刺激褐变。最近在理解增加脂肪组织能量消耗的机制以及褐色脂肪细胞如何出现在白色脂肪库中的方面取得了重大进展，包括通过组织前体细胞的从头脂肪生成。在本文中，我们将这些新知识与对“褐变”发现的历史观点相结合。我们还概述了小鼠和人类中组成性褐色脂肪组织与rBAT的情况。
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