Rock Crystal, Zurita Hector, Wilson Charles, Apicella Alfonso Junior
Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States.
Elife. 2016 May 9;5:e15890. doi: 10.7554/eLife.15890.
Anatomical and physiological studies have led to the assumption that the dorsal striatum receives exclusively excitatory afferents from the cortex. Here we test the hypothesis that the dorsal striatum receives also GABAergic projections from the cortex. We addressed this fundamental question by taking advantage of optogenetics and directly examining the functional effects of cortical GABAergic inputs to spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the mouse auditory and motor cortex. We found that the cortex, via corticostriatal somatostatin neurons (CS-SOM), has a direct inhibitory influence on the output of the striatum SPNs. Our results describe a corticostriatal long-range inhibitory circuit (CS-SOM inhibitory projections → striatal SPNs) underlying the control of spike timing/generation in SPNs and attributes a specific function to a genetically defined type of cortical interneuron in corticostriatal communication.
解剖学和生理学研究促使人们假设背侧纹状体仅接收来自皮层的兴奋性传入神经。在此，我们测试了背侧纹状体也接收来自皮层的γ-氨基丁酸能投射这一假设。我们利用光遗传学技术，直接研究皮层γ-氨基丁酸能输入对小鼠听觉和运动皮层棘状投射神经元（SPN）的功能影响，从而解决了这个基本问题。我们发现，皮层通过皮质纹状体生长抑素神经元（CS-SOM）对纹状体SPN的输出具有直接抑制作用。我们的研究结果描述了一种皮质纹状体远程抑制回路（CS-SOM抑制性投射→纹状体SPN），该回路是控制SPN中动作电位时间/产生的基础，并赋予了一种特定类型的基因定义皮层中间神经元在皮质纹状体通信中的特定功能。
