澳大利亚维多利亚州护理人员救治的致命和非致命溺水患者的流行病学情况。

Epidemiology of fatal and non-fatal drowning patients attended by paramedics in Victoria, Australia.

作者信息

Matthews Bernadette L, Andrew Emily, Andronaco Robert, Cox Shelley, Smith Karen

机构信息

a Aquatic Risk and Research Department , Life Saving Victoria , Melbourne , Australia.

b Research and Evaluation Department , Ambulance Victoria , Melbourne , Australia.

出版信息

Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2017 Sep;24(3):303-310. doi: 10.1080/17457300.2016.1175479. Epub 2016 May 11.

DOI:10.1080/17457300.2016.1175479

PMID:27165724

Abstract

Drowning is a major cause of injury and death worldwide. This study aims to expand the evidence in fatal and non-fatal drowning. A retrospective study was conducted to investigate fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents attended by ambulance paramedics in Victoria (Australia) from 2007 to 2012. A total of 509 drowning incidents were identified, 339 (66.6%) were non-fatal, with 170 (33.4%) resulting in death. Children aged 0-4 years had the highest crude drowning rate (7.95 per 100,000 persons). Non-fatal incidents were more likely to be witnessed by a bystander when compared with fatal incidents (43.7% vs. 20.0%, p < 0.001). Spatial analysis indicated that 35 (43.8%) local government areas (LGAs) were considered at 'excess risk' of a drowning event occurring. This study is the first to apply spatial analysis to determine relative risk ratios for fatal and non-fatal drowning. These findings will enable geographically targeted and age-specific drowning prevention activities.

摘要

溺水是全球伤害和死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在扩充关于致命和非致命溺水的证据。开展了一项回顾性研究，以调查2007年至2012年期间澳大利亚维多利亚州救护人员所处理的致命和非致命溺水事件。共识别出509起溺水事件，其中339起（66.6%）为非致命事件，170起（33.4%）导致死亡。0至4岁儿童的粗溺水率最高（每10万人中有7.95人）。与致命事件相比，非致命事件更有可能被旁观者目睹（43.7%对20.0%，p<0.001）。空间分析表明，35个（43.8%）地方政府区域被认为存在溺水事件发生的“过高风险”。本研究首次应用空间分析来确定致命和非致命溺水的相对风险比率。这些发现将有助于开展针对特定地理区域和特定年龄的溺水预防活动。