Phillips C N, McCue P A, Whitsett C F, Priest J H
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Prenat Diagn. 1989 Apr;9(4):227-42. doi: 10.1002/pd.1970090403.
The present report describes methods to separate, culture, and study syncytio-cytotrophoblast and mesenchymal core of the first-trimester human chorionic villus. The cultured outer layer cells (syncytio-cytotrophoblast) are multinucleated, pleomorphic, and active in the formation of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The mesenchymal core cells are more fibroblast-like in appearance, do not show multinucleation, and have less hCG in their culture media. Both cultured cell types express HLA (ABC) Class I histocompatibility antigens but not HLA (DR) Class II antigens. These and previous studies from this laboratory postulate different embryonic origins: (1) Syncytio-cytotrophoblast cultures of chorionic villus derive from differentiated trophoblast and preserve multinucleation as well as hCG hormone function. (2) Cells cultured from the chorionic villus core originate from extraembryonic mesenchyme. (3) Amniocytes (AF cells) cultured from amniotic fluid resemble the multipotential and early-stage trophoblast, retaining pleomorphism, multinucleation, and lacunae formation as well as production of hCG, progesterone, oestrogen, basement membrane glycoprotein, and Type IV collagen. These cell types cultured from the chorionic villus and amniotic fluid provide a means for in vitro study of specific embryonic cell lineages.
本报告描述了分离、培养和研究孕早期人绒毛膜绒毛的合体细胞滋养层和间充质核心的方法。培养的外层细胞（合体细胞滋养层）多核、多形，并且在人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）的形成中活跃。间充质核心细胞在外观上更像成纤维细胞，不显示多核现象，并且其培养基中的hCG较少。两种培养的细胞类型均表达HLA（ABC）I类组织相容性抗原，但不表达HLA（DR）II类抗原。本实验室的这些研究以及之前的研究推测了不同的胚胎起源：（1）绒毛膜绒毛的合体细胞滋养层培养物源自分化的滋养层，并保留多核现象以及hCG激素功能。（2）从绒毛膜绒毛核心培养的细胞起源于胚外间充质。（3）从羊水培养的羊膜细胞（AF细胞）类似于多能和早期滋养层，保留多形性、多核现象和腔隙形成以及hCG、孕酮、雌激素、基底膜糖蛋白和IV型胶原的产生。从绒毛膜绒毛和羊水中培养的这些细胞类型为特定胚胎细胞谱系的体外研究提供了一种手段。
