Allebeck P
Dept. of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Schizophr Bull. 1989;15(1):81-9. doi: 10.1093/schbul/15.1.81.
The author reviews a number of studies which have shown that the overall mortality among patients with schizophrenia is about twice that in the general population. The highest excess mortality is found in suicide and violent death, but there seems to be an increased mortality also in cardiovascular disorders. Whether there is an increased mortality in cancer among schizophrenic patients remains a controversial issue. A reduced mortality, and particularly a reduced suicide rate, must be an important aim for any treatment policy or therapeutic program. The use of computerized patient data bases, linked to cause-of-death registers, is recommended to permit regular followup studies of large patient populations and facilitate the access to medical records and death records for more detailed analyses. A 10-year followup of 1,190 patients with schizophrenia, selected from the Stockholm County inpatient register is described. The overall mortality was more than twice that in the general population, and the mortality in suicide was more than 10 times higher. The inpatient register was used to identify hospital episodes. Medical records were then obtained for studies on the validity of diagnoses and causes of death and for analyses of risk factors for suicide.
作者回顾了多项研究，这些研究表明精神分裂症患者的总体死亡率约为普通人群的两倍。最高的额外死亡率见于自杀和暴力死亡，但心血管疾病的死亡率似乎也有所上升。精神分裂症患者癌症死亡率是否升高仍是一个有争议的问题。降低死亡率，尤其是降低自杀率，必须是任何治疗政策或治疗方案的重要目标。建议使用与死因登记册相连的计算机化患者数据库，以便对大量患者群体进行定期随访研究，并便于获取病历和死亡记录以进行更详细的分析。本文描述了从斯德哥尔摩县住院登记册中选取的1190名精神分裂症患者的10年随访情况。总体死亡率是普通人群的两倍多，自杀死亡率则高出10倍以上。住院登记册用于识别住院情况。随后获取病历以研究诊断的有效性和死因，并分析自杀的风险因素。
