Fawzy Manal, Nasr Mahmoud, Helmi Shacker, Nagy Heba
a Department of Environmental Sciences , Faculty of Science, Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt.
b Department of Sanitary Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2016 Nov;18(11):1096-103. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1183580.
Biomass of Oryza sativa (OS) was tested for the removal of Cd(II) ions from synthetic and real wastewater samples. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of operating parameters on Cd(II) biosorption. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to examine the surface characteristics of the Cd(II)-loaded biomass. The maximum removal efficiency of Cd(II) was 89.4% at optimum pH 6.0, biosorbent dose 10.0 g L(-1), initial Cd(II) 50 mg L(-1), and biosorbent particle size 0.5 mm. The applicability of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms to the sorbent system implied the existence of both monolayer and heterogeneous surface conditions. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption process of Cd(II) followed the pseudo-second-order model (r2: 0.99). On the theoretical side, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was applied to select the operating parameter that mostly influences the Cd(II) biosorption process. Results from ANFIS indicated that pH was the most influential parameter affecting Cd(II) removal efficiency, indicating that the biomass of OS was strongly pH sensitive. Finally, the biomass was confirmed to adsorb Cd(II) from real wastewater samples with removal efficiency close to 100%. However, feasibility studies of such systems on a large-scale application remain to be investigated.
对水稻（OS）生物量进行了测试，以去除合成废水和实际废水样品中的Cd（II）离子。进行了批量实验，以研究操作参数对Cd（II）生物吸附的影响。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线光谱来检测负载Cd（II）的生物量的表面特性。在最佳pH值6.0、生物吸附剂剂量10.0 g L（-1）、初始Cd（II）浓度50 mg L（-1）和生物吸附剂粒径0.5 mm的条件下，Cd（II）的最大去除效率为89.4%。Langmuir和Freundlich等温线对吸附剂系统的适用性表明存在单层和非均相表面条件。动力学研究表明，Cd（II）的吸附过程遵循准二级模型（r2：0.99）。在理论方面，应用自适应神经模糊推理系统（ANFIS）来选择对Cd（II）生物吸附过程影响最大的操作参数。ANFIS的结果表明，pH是影响Cd（II）去除效率的最具影响力的参数，表明水稻生物量对pH非常敏感。最后，证实该生物量能从实际废水样品中吸附Cd（II），去除效率接近100%。然而，此类系统在大规模应用方面的可行性研究仍有待探讨。
