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BioDrugs. 2016 Jun;30(3):243-54. doi: 10.1007/s40259-016-0180-7.
Zostavax(®) is a live attenuated shingles (herpes zoster) vaccine approved in the EU for the prevention of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in adults aged ≥50 years. Zoster vaccine protected against HZ in adults aged 50-59 years (ZEST trial) and ≥60 years [Shingles Prevention Study (SPS)], and also reduced the burden of illness associated with HZ and the risk of PHN in adults aged ≥60 years (SPS). A large amount of real-world data also supports the efficacy of zoster vaccine. Results of the SPS Short- and Long-Term Persistence Substudies and real-world studies indicate that zoster vaccine provided continued benefit in the longer term, albeit with a gradual decline in vaccine efficacy over time; long-term effectiveness studies are ongoing. The need for a booster dose is still unknown, but a study showed that, if necessary, a booster dose administered to adults aged ≥70 years who received their first dose of zoster vaccine ≥10 years previously was immunogenic. Zoster vaccine had a favourable safety and tolerability profile, with the most commonly reported adverse events being non-severe injection-site reactions. In conclusion, zoster vaccine reduces the incidence of HZ and PHN, thereby reducing the burden of illness associated with HZ; improved uptake of zoster vaccine is needed.
带状疱疹疫苗（Zostavax(®)）是一种减毒活疫苗，已在欧盟获得批准，用于预防 50 岁及以上成人的带状疱疹（HZ）和疱疹后神经痛（PHN）。带状疱疹疫苗在 50-59 岁成人（ZEST 试验）和≥60 岁成人[带状疱疹预防研究（SPS）]中预防 HZ，还降低了≥60 岁成人 HZ 相关疾病负担和 PHN 风险。大量真实世界数据也支持带状疱疹疫苗的疗效。SPS 短期和长期持续研究及真实世界研究结果表明，带状疱疹疫苗在长期内持续有效，尽管疫苗效力随时间逐渐下降；长期有效性研究正在进行中。是否需要加强针仍不清楚，但一项研究表明，如果有必要，对≥70 岁且首次接种带状疱疹疫苗≥10 年前接种过的成年人接种加强针具有免疫原性。带状疱疹疫苗具有良好的安全性和耐受性，最常见的不良反应为非严重注射部位反应。总之，带状疱疹疫苗可降低 HZ 和 PHN 的发病率，从而降低 HZ 相关疾病负担；需要提高带状疱疹疫苗的接种率。
