World Rugby, Dublin, Ireland.
Br J Sports Med. 2016 Jun;50(11):682-7. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096043.
To assess the incidence, severity and nature of injuries, to determine risk factors for injury and to identify potential injury prevention strategies in men's international Rugby-7s tournaments.
A prospective cohort study.
Players from core teams competing in matches at 6 Sevens World Series from 2008/2009 to 2014/2015.
The incidence of injury across all Series was 108.3 injuries/1000 player-match-hours (backs: 121.0; forwards: 91.5) with a mean severity of 44.2 days (backs: 46.1; forwards: 40.9) and a median severity of 28 days (backs: 29; forwards: 26). The proportion of injuries sustained in the second half was significantly higher (60%; p<0.001) than the first half of matches and the proportion increased from match to match and day to day in a tournament. The knee (17.4%), ankle (15.9%) and posterior thigh (13.2%) were the most common injury locations for backs and the knee (18.5%), head/face (17.3%) and shoulder/clavicle (13.0%) for forwards. The four most common injuries across all players were knee ligament (13.0%), ankle ligament (12.8%), concussion (10.4%) and posterior thigh muscle strains (9.8%).
The incidence of injury in Rugby-7s suggests that teams require squads of around 20 players for a Sevens World Series. The higher incidence of injury in the second half of matches is probably the result of player fatigue; therefore, injury prevention strategies for teams and the Governing Body should address this issue. The results presented support the World Rugby trial allowing 'rolling substitutes' during Sevens World Series matches, as this approach may help to mitigate the effects of player fatigue during the second half of matches.
评估男子国际 7 人制橄榄球比赛中损伤的发生率、严重程度和性质，确定损伤的危险因素，并确定潜在的损伤预防策略。
前瞻性队列研究。
来自核心球队的球员参加了 2008/2009 年至 2014/2015 年的 6 个 7 人制世界系列赛的比赛。
所有系列赛的损伤总发生率为 108.3 例/1000 名运动员-比赛小时（后卫：121.0；前锋：91.5），平均严重程度为 44.2 天（后卫：46.1；前锋：40.9），中位数严重程度为 28 天（后卫：29；前锋：26）。在下半场发生的损伤比例（60%；p<0.001）显著高于比赛的上半场，而且在一个比赛日中，损伤比例从一场比赛到另一场比赛，从一天到另一天都在增加。对于后卫来说，最常见的损伤部位是膝盖（17.4%）、脚踝（15.9%）和后大腿（13.2%），而对于前锋来说，最常见的损伤部位是膝盖（18.5%）、头部/面部（17.3%）和肩部/锁骨（13.0%）。所有运动员中最常见的四种损伤是膝关节韧带（13.0%）、踝关节韧带（12.8%）、脑震荡（10.4%）和后大腿肌肉拉伤（9.8%）。
7 人制橄榄球比赛中的损伤发生率表明，一个 7 人制世界系列赛的球队需要大约 20 名球员。比赛下半场损伤发生率较高，可能是由于运动员疲劳所致；因此，球队和管理机构的损伤预防策略应解决这一问题。所提出的结果支持世界橄榄球联盟允许在 7 人制世界系列赛中使用“滚动替补”的试验，因为这种方法可能有助于减轻比赛下半场运动员疲劳的影响。
