Krueger Martin C, Bergmann Michael, Schlosser Dietmar
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2016 Jun;363(11). doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnw105. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
Wood-rotting fungi possess remarkably diverse extracellular oxidation mechanisms, including enzymes, such as laccase and peroxidases, and Fenton chemistry. The ability to biologically drive Fenton chemistry by the redox cycling of quinones has previously been reported to be present in both ecologically diverging main groups of wood-rotting basidiomycetes. Therefore, we investigated whether it is even more widespread among fungal organisms. Screening of a diverse selection of a total of 18 ascomycetes and basidiomycetes for reduction of the model compound 2,6-dimethoxy benzoquinone revealed that all investigated strains were capable of reducing it to its corresponding hydroquinone. In a second step, depolymerization of the synthetic polymer polystyrene sulfonate was used as a proxy for quinone-dependent Fenton-based biodegradation capabilities. A diverse subset of the strains, including environmentally ubiquitous molds, white-rot fungi, as well as peatland and aquatic isolates, caused substantial depolymerization indicative for the effective employment of quinone redox cycling as biodegradation tool. Our results may also open up new paths to utilize diverse fungi for the bioremediation of recalcitrant organic pollutants.
木腐真菌拥有极其多样的细胞外氧化机制，包括漆酶和过氧化物酶等酶类以及芬顿化学反应。此前有报道称，在生态上不同的主要木腐担子菌群体中，都存在通过醌的氧化还原循环来生物驱动芬顿化学反应的能力。因此，我们研究了这种能力在真菌生物体中是否更为普遍。对总共18种子囊菌和担子菌进行筛选，检测它们对模型化合物2,6 - 二甲氧基苯醌的还原能力，结果表明所有受试菌株都能够将其还原为相应的对苯二酚。在第二步中，以合成聚合物聚苯乙烯磺酸盐的解聚作为醌依赖性芬顿基生物降解能力的指标。包括环境中普遍存在的霉菌、白腐真菌以及泥炭地和水生分离株在内的不同菌株子集，都导致了显著的解聚，这表明醌氧化还原循环作为生物降解工具得到了有效利用。我们的研究结果还可能为利用多种真菌进行难降解有机污染物的生物修复开辟新途径。
