Aguiar Alex R, Alvarenga Elson S, Lopes Mayara C, Santos Izailda B Dos, Galdino Tarcisio V, Picanço Marcelo C
a Chemistry Department , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , MG , Brazil.
b Entomology Department , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , MG , Brazil.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2016 Sep;51(9):579-88. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1181897. Epub 2016 May 18.
The objective of this study was to determine the toxicity of the nine synthetic dienamides against the insect pest Diaphania hyalinata (melonworm) and the selectivity of these substances for the predator Solenopsis saevissima (fire ant). Four bioassays were conducted. To begin with, the dienamides that caused high mortality of D. hyalinata have been selected. In the second bioassay the dose-mortality curves of the selected dienamides have been constructed. In the third bioassay, the survival curves for D. hyalinata and the elapsed time to kill 50% of their population have been determined. In the fourth biological test, the selectivity of the substances to the predator S. saevissima has been evaluated. The most active (2E,4E)-N-butylhexa-2,4-dienamide 3d has killed 95% of the melonworm, D. hyalinata, and less than 10% of the natural enemy S. saevissima. The results presented by this compound are superior to the outcome displayed by the commercial insecticide Malathion®. Three of the dienamides prepared in this manuscript have proven to be selective in killing the pest, but not the beneficial insect.
本研究的目的是确定九种合成二烯酰胺对害虫瓜绢螟（Diaphania hyalinata）的毒性以及这些物质对捕食者凶猛收获蚁（Solenopsis saevissima）的选择性。进行了四项生物测定。首先，选择了对瓜绢螟具有高死亡率的二烯酰胺。在第二项生物测定中，构建了所选二烯酰胺的剂量-死亡率曲线。在第三项生物测定中，确定了瓜绢螟的存活曲线以及杀死其50%种群所需的时间。在第四项生物测试中，评估了这些物质对捕食者凶猛收获蚁的选择性。活性最高的（2E,4E）-N-丁基己-2,4-二烯酰胺3d杀死了95%的瓜绢螟，而对天敌凶猛收获蚁的致死率不到10%。该化合物呈现的结果优于市售杀虫剂马拉硫磷（Malathion®）的效果。本论文中制备的三种二烯酰胺已被证明对害虫具有选择性杀伤力，但对益虫无害。
