Sobol-Goldberg Shira, Rabinowitz Jonathan
Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Prev Med. 2016 Aug;89:57-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.008. Epub 2016 May 16.
The literature suggests an association between poor school performance and obesity. However, little is known about academic achievement and behavior as possible risk factors for future obesity.
The analysis was based on data from 3172 participants aged 6 to 25years from the US National Longitudinal Survey conducted 1986 to 2010. Academic achievement, behavior problems and body mass index (BMI) were assessed at childhood (6-9) and teenhood (10-14). Height and weight were self-reported at pre-young adulthood (15-18) and young adulthood (19-25).
Based on logistic regression stratified by sex and race/ethnicity, academic and behavioral deficiencies during childhood and teenhood were risk factors for young adult obesity with some sex and ethnic/racial differences. The highest prevalence rates of obesity by race/ethnicity and sex are as follows: black/Hispanic females, those in the lowest quartile of teen reading and math (32.8%); black/Hispanic males, those in lowest quartile of teen reading (26.1%); white males, those in the highest quartile of behavioral problems (21.9%); and white females, those in the lowest quartile teen math (23.2%).
Poor school performance in childhood and teenhood is associated with an increased risk of adult obesity. Prospective studies should further examine the association of school performance and adult obesity and whether programs directed at improving school performance may have secondary gains in preventing obesity.
文献表明学业成绩不佳与肥胖之间存在关联。然而，对于学业成就和行为作为未来肥胖的可能风险因素知之甚少。
该分析基于1986年至2010年美国全国纵向调查中3172名6至25岁参与者的数据。在童年（6 - 9岁）和青少年时期（10 - 14岁）评估学业成就、行为问题和体重指数（BMI）。在青年前期（15 - 18岁）和青年期（19 - 25岁）通过自我报告身高和体重。
基于按性别和种族/族裔分层的逻辑回归分析，童年和青少年时期的学业和行为缺陷是青年肥胖的风险因素，存在一些性别和种族/族裔差异。按种族/族裔和性别划分的肥胖患病率最高的情况如下：黑人/西班牙裔女性，青少年阅读和数学成绩处于最低四分位数者（32.8%）；黑人/西班牙裔男性，青少年阅读成绩处于最低四分位数者（26.1%）；白人男性，行为问题处于最高四分位数者（21.9%）；白人女性，青少年数学成绩处于最低四分位数者（23.2%）。
童年和青少年时期学业成绩不佳与成年肥胖风险增加有关。前瞻性研究应进一步考察学业成绩与成年肥胖之间的关联，以及旨在提高学业成绩的项目在预防肥胖方面是否可能带来额外益处。
