Rice Marilyn, Hancock Trevor
Merci (Marilyn E Rice Consulting International), VA, USA
School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.
Glob Health Promot. 2016 Mar;23(1 Suppl):94-7. doi: 10.1177/1757975915601038.
In this commentary the urban setting is explored from the perspective of ecological sustainability and social equity. Urban-related issues are highlighted related to social inequality, deficits in urban infrastructures, behavior-related illnesses and risks, global ecological changes, and urban sprawl. Approaches to addressing these issues are described from the perspective of urban governance, urban planning and design, social determinants of health, health promotion, and personal and community empowerment. Examples of successful strategies are provided from Latin America, including using participatory instruments (assessments, evaluation, participatory budgeting, etc.), establishing intersectoral committees, increasing participation of civil society organizations, and developing virtual forums and networks to channel participatory and collaborative processes. A way forward is proposed, using the urban setting to show the imperative of creating intersectoral policies and programs that produce environments that are both healthy and sustainable. It will be important to include new forms of social participation and use social media to facilitate citizen decision-making and active participation of all sectors of society, especially excluded groups.
在本评论中，从生态可持续性和社会公平的角度探讨了城市环境。突出了与社会不平等、城市基础设施不足、行为相关疾病和风险、全球生态变化以及城市扩张相关的城市问题。从城市治理、城市规划与设计、健康的社会决定因素、健康促进以及个人和社区赋权的角度描述了解决这些问题的方法。提供了拉丁美洲成功战略的例子，包括使用参与性工具（评估、评价、参与性预算编制等）、建立跨部门委员会、增加民间社会组织的参与以及开发虚拟论坛和网络以引导参与性和协作性进程。提出了一条前进的道路，利用城市环境表明制定跨部门政策和计划的必要性，这些政策和计划要营造健康且可持续的环境。纳入新的社会参与形式并利用社交媒体促进公民决策以及社会各部门的积极参与，尤其是被排斥群体的参与，将非常重要。
