Battipaglia Giovanna, Campelo Filipe, Vieira Joana, Grabner Michael, De Micco Veronica, Nabais Cristina, Cherubini Paolo, Carrer Marco, Bräuning Achim, Čufar Katarina, Di Filippo Alfredo, García-González Ignacio, Koprowski Marcin, Klisz Marcin, Kirdyanov Alexander V, Zafirov Nikolay, de Luis Martin
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of NaplesCaserta, Italy; Centre for Bio-Archaeology and Ecology, PALECO Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, University of Montpellier 2Montpellier, France; Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate ChangeLecce, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra Coimbra, Portugal.
Front Plant Sci. 2016 May 6;7:595. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00595. eCollection 2016.
Tree rings are natural archives of climate and environmental information with a yearly resolution. Indeed, wood anatomical, chemical, and other properties of tree rings are a synthesis of several intrinsic and external factors, and their interaction during tree growth. In particular, Intra-Annual Density Fluctuations (IADFs) can be considered as tree-ring anomalies that can be used to better understand tree growth and to reconstruct past climate conditions with intra-annual resolution. However, the ecophysiological processes behind IADF formation, as well as their functional impact, remain unclear. Are IADFs resulting from a prompt adjustment to fluctuations in environmental conditions to avoid stressful conditions and/or to take advantage from favorable conditions? In this paper we discuss: (1) the influence of climatic factors on the formation of IADFs; (2) the occurrence of IADFs in different species and environments; (3) the potential of new approaches to study IADFs and identify their triggering factors. Our final aim is to underscore the advantages offered by network analyses of data and the importance of high-resolution measurements to gain insight into IADFs formation processes and their relations with climatic conditions, including extreme weather events.
树木年轮是具有年度分辨率的气候和环境信息的天然档案。事实上，树木年轮的木材解剖学、化学和其他特性是多种内在和外在因素及其在树木生长过程中相互作用的综合体现。特别是，年内密度波动（IADFs）可被视为树木年轮异常，可用于更好地理解树木生长并以年内分辨率重建过去的气候条件。然而，IADF形成背后的生态生理过程及其功能影响仍不清楚。IADFs是由于对环境条件波动的迅速调整以避免压力条件和/或利用有利条件而产生的吗？在本文中，我们讨论：（1）气候因素对IADF形成的影响；（2）不同物种和环境中IADFs的出现情况；（3）研究IADFs并确定其触发因素的新方法的潜力。我们的最终目标是强调数据网络分析所提供的优势以及高分辨率测量对于深入了解IADF形成过程及其与气候条件（包括极端天气事件）关系的重要性。
