McCoy Katryna, Higgins Melinda, Zuñiga Julie Ann, Holstad Marcia McDonnell
Assistant Professor, School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, Washington, USA.
Associate Research Professor, Senior Biostatistician, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
HIV/AIDS Res Treat. 2015;2015(SE3):S1-S8. doi: 10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-3-101. Epub 2015 Nov 17.
Stigma has become a gendered phenomenon that affects increasing numbers of HIV-infected women worldwide. This study examined the role of age as a possible moderator of the relationship between stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence, CD4% and viral load among 120 HIV-infected women. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Keeping Healthy and Active with Risk Reduction and Medication Adherence (KHARMA) Project, an National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded randomized controlled trial to improve Antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence and reduce risky behaviors in HIV-infected women at five clinical sites in a South-eastern city from 2005 to 2008. Stigma was measured using the Perceived Personal Stigma of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) scale. Among participants <50 years old (n=90), age was significantly associated with viral load (rho=-.24, p=.02) and stigma was negatively associated with CD4% (r =-.26, p=.02). For the 30 participants >50 years old, age was not significantly associated with viral load, stigma or CD4%, and there was no significant association between stigma and CD4% (r=.07, p=.70). These findings indicate the need for further study regarding this potential moderating effect and possible interventions to address the susceptibility of younger women to the harmful effects of stigma.
耻辱感已成为一种性别化现象，影响着全球越来越多感染艾滋病毒的女性。本研究调查了年龄作为耻辱感与抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性、CD4%和病毒载量之间关系的可能调节因素在120名感染艾滋病毒女性中的作用。使用“通过降低风险和药物依从性保持健康与活力”（KHARMA）项目的数据进行了二次分析，该项目是一项由美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助的随机对照试验，于2005年至2008年在东南部一个城市的五个临床地点开展，旨在提高抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的依从性并减少感染艾滋病毒女性的危险行为。耻辱感使用人类免疫缺陷病毒和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（HIV/AIDS）的感知个人耻辱感量表进行测量。在年龄小于50岁的参与者（n = 90）中，年龄与病毒载量显著相关（rho = -.24，p =.02），耻辱感与CD4%呈负相关（r = -.26，p =.02）。对于30名年龄大于50岁的参与者，年龄与病毒载量、耻辱感或CD4%均无显著关联，耻辱感与CD4%之间也无显著关联（r =.07，p =.70）。这些发现表明需要进一步研究这种潜在的调节作用以及可能的干预措施，以解决年轻女性易受耻辱感有害影响的问题。
