Draeger J, Malke J, Rumberger E
Fortschr Ophthalmol. 1989;86(1):84-8.
The term "instrument myopia" means an accommodative effort caused by the view into the microscope. This accommodation may be connected with the convergence position of the eye. Heterophoria should be developed if accommodation-induced convergence of the eyes does not harmonize with convergence of the ocular axes of a stereomicroscope. In 16 probands, an accommodation of 1.1 +/- 0.72 dpt and esophoria of +11.1 +/- 8.5 pdpt were measured at parallel ocular axes. The accommodation increased by 0.12 dpt/degree convergence with increasing convergence angle of the ocular axes. When the visual field was unrestricted, this line intersected the accommodation convergence line at 6.7 degrees. The esophoria decreased with increasing convergence angle and passed over to exophoria. At 8 degrees convergence, heterophoria amounted to -0.2 +/- 2.9 pdpt, and at 16 degrees exophoria was -12 +/- 9.5 pdpt. The minor degree of heterophoria and especially the very minor heterophoria at 8 degrees convergence support the view that the optimum convergence of the ocular axes is near where both accommodation convergence lines intersect.
“器械性近视”一词是指因注视显微镜而引起的调节作用。这种调节可能与眼睛的集合位置有关。如果眼睛的调节性集合与体视显微镜眼轴的集合不协调，就会出现隐斜视。在16名受试者中，当眼轴平行时，测得调节为1.1±0.72屈光度，内隐斜为+11.1±8.5棱镜度。随着眼轴集合角度的增加，调节以每度集合增加0.12屈光度的速度上升。当视野不受限制时，这条线在6.7度处与调节集合线相交。内隐斜随着集合角度的增加而减小，并转变为外隐斜。在8度集合时，隐斜为-0.2±2.9棱镜度，在16度时外隐斜为-12±9.5棱镜度。较小程度的隐斜，尤其是8度集合时非常小的隐斜，支持了眼轴的最佳集合接近两条调节集合线相交处的观点。
