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动机性编码有选择地促进对未来无关紧要的语义相关事件的记忆。

Motivated encoding selectively promotes memory for future inconsequential semantically-related events.

作者信息

Oyarzún Javiera P, Packard Pau A, de Diego-Balaguer Ruth, Fuentemilla Lluis

机构信息

Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group [Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute] IDIBELL, Spain; Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Spain.

Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group [Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute] IDIBELL, Spain.

出版信息

Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2016 Sep;133:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.05.005. Epub 2016 May 17.

Abstract

Neurobiological models of long-term memory explain how memory for inconsequential events fades, unless these happen before or after other relevant (i.e., rewarding or aversive) or novel events. Recently, it has been shown in humans that retrospective and prospective memories are selectively enhanced if semantically related events are paired with aversive stimuli. However, it remains unclear whether motivating stimuli, as opposed to aversive, have the same effect in humans. Here, participants performed a three phase incidental encoding task where one semantic category was rewarded during the second phase. A memory test 24h after, but not immediately after encoding, revealed that memory for inconsequential items was selectively enhanced only if items from the same category had been previously, but not subsequently, paired with rewards. This result suggests that prospective memory enhancement of reward-related information requires, like previously reported for aversive memories, of a period of memory consolidation. The current findings provide the first empirical evidence in humans that the effects of motivated encoding are selectively and prospectively prolonged over time.

摘要

长期记忆的神经生物学模型解释了无关紧要事件的记忆是如何消退的,除非这些事件发生在其他相关(即奖励性或厌恶性)或新奇事件之前或之后。最近,在人类身上的研究表明,如果语义相关的事件与厌恶性刺激配对,回顾性和前瞻性记忆会被选择性增强。然而,与厌恶性刺激相反,激励性刺激在人类身上是否有同样的效果仍不清楚。在这里,参与者进行了一项三阶段的附带编码任务,其中一个语义类别在第二阶段得到奖励。编码后24小时(而非立即)进行的记忆测试显示,只有当来自同一类别的项目之前(而非之后)与奖励配对时,无关紧要项目的记忆才会被选择性增强。这一结果表明,与之前关于厌恶性记忆的报道一样,奖励相关信息的前瞻性记忆增强需要一段记忆巩固期。目前的研究结果为人类提供了首个实证证据,表明动机性编码的效果会随着时间的推移而被选择性地、前瞻性地延长。

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