Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University.
Psychol Rev. 2023 Nov;130(6):1421-1456. doi: 10.1037/rev0000394. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
Affective experiences are commonly represented by either transient emotional reactions to discrete events or longer term, sustained mood states that are characterized by a more diffuse and global nature. While both have considerable influence in shaping memory, their interaction can produce mood-congruent memory (MCM), a psychological phenomenon where emotional memory is biased toward content affectively congruent with a past or current mood. The study of MCM has direct implications for understanding how memory biases form in daily life, as well as debilitating negative memory schemas that contribute to mood disorders such as depression. To elucidate the factors that influence the presence and strength of MCM, here we systematically review the literature for studies that assessed MCM by inducing mood in healthy participants. We observe that MCM is often reported as enhanced accuracy for previously encoded mood-congruent content or preferential recall for mood-congruent autobiographical events, but may also manifest as false memory for mood-congruent lures. We discuss the relevant conditions that shape these effects, as well as instances of mood-incongruent recall that facilitate mood repair. Further, we provide guiding methodological and theoretical considerations, emphasizing the limited neuroimaging research in this area and the need for a renewed focus on memory consolidation. Accordingly, we propose a theoretical framework for studying the neural basis of MCM based on the neurobiological underpinnings of mood and emotion. In doing so, we review evidence for associative network models of spreading activation, while also considering alternative models informed by the cognitive neuroscience literature of emotional memory bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
情感体验通常表现为对离散事件的短暂情绪反应，或更长期、持续的情绪状态，其特点是更弥散和全局性。虽然两者都对塑造记忆有很大的影响，但它们的相互作用会产生情绪一致的记忆（MCM），这是一种心理现象，即情绪记忆偏向于与过去或当前情绪情感一致的内容。对 MCM 的研究对理解记忆偏见如何在日常生活中形成以及导致抑郁等情绪障碍的消极记忆模式有直接影响。为了阐明影响 MCM 存在和强度的因素，我们在这里系统地回顾了评估健康参与者情绪诱导时 MCM 的文献。我们观察到，MCM 通常表现为对先前编码的情绪一致内容的准确性提高，或者对情绪一致的自传事件的偏好性回忆，但也可能表现为对情绪一致的诱饵的虚假记忆。我们讨论了塑造这些影响的相关条件，以及促进情绪修复的情绪不一致回忆的实例。此外，我们提供了指导方法和理论方面的考虑，强调了该领域神经影像学研究的有限性以及重新关注记忆巩固的必要性。因此，我们提出了一个基于情绪和情感神经生物学基础来研究 MCM 神经基础的理论框架。在这样做的过程中，我们回顾了扩散激活的联想网络模型的证据，同时也考虑了情绪记忆偏见认知神经科学文献中提出的替代模型。
