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如何报告护理专业实践?一项范围综述。

How to report professional practice in nursing? A scoping review.

作者信息

Poitras Marie-Eve, Chouinard Maud-Christine, Fortin Martin, Gallagher Frances

机构信息

Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.

Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Québec, Canada.

出版信息

BMC Nurs. 2016 May 25;15:31. doi: 10.1186/s12912-016-0154-6. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Nursing professional practice in different contexts of care has been widely described in evidence-based literature. Currently, there is no consensus on a common structure for these descriptions. Understanding and comparing similar practices is made difficult by the varying nature of descriptions provided in scientific literature.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

  1. to report research methods found in the scientific literature that were used to describe the practice of different health professionals; 2) to report on the main concepts used to describe the practice of these health professionals; 3) to propose a structure for the description of the practice in nursing.

METHODS

A scoping review following a five-stage approach: 1) identifying the research question; 2) identifying relevant studies; 3) selecting studies; 4) charting data; 5) reporting results. The Medline, CINAHL, psychARTICLES, psyCRITIQUES, psycEXTRA, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection and psycINFO databases were searched. Each study was analyzed and extracted data were classified by categories and structures used to describe the health professional practices.

RESULTS

Forty-nine studies were included. In these studies, quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods were used to describe professional practice in different health disciplines. Three major concepts were reported most frequently in describing professional practice: roles, domains and activities. The concepts varied greatly among authors. We found that to define roles or to characterize a professional practice, activities must be described and organized on the basis of different domains.

CONCLUSIONS

A promising structure for describing nursing professional practice is proposed by the authors of this review. The structure facilitates the accurate description of all domains and activities performed by nurses in different contexts of practice, and will contribute to the development of knowledge about nursing practice in different contexts based on shared concepts.

摘要

背景

循证文献中已广泛描述了不同护理环境下的护理专业实践。目前,对于这些描述的通用结构尚无共识。科学文献中描述的多样性使得理解和比较类似实践变得困难。

研究目的

1)报告科学文献中用于描述不同健康专业人员实践的研究方法;2)报告用于描述这些健康专业人员实践的主要概念;3)提出一种描述护理实践的结构。

方法

采用五阶段的范围综述方法:1)确定研究问题;2)确定相关研究;3)选择研究;4)绘制数据;5)报告结果。检索了Medline、CINAHL、psychARTICLES、psyCRITIQUES、psycEXTRA、心理学与行为科学合集和psycINFO数据库。对每项研究进行分析,并将提取的数据按用于描述健康专业人员实践的类别和结构进行分类。

结果

纳入了49项研究。在这些研究中,采用定量、定性或混合方法来描述不同健康学科的专业实践。在描述专业实践时,最常报告的三个主要概念是:角色、领域和活动。不同作者使用的概念差异很大。我们发现,要定义角色或描述专业实践的特征,必须基于不同领域来描述和组织活动。

结论

本综述的作者提出了一种用于描述护理专业实践的有前景的结构。该结构有助于准确描述护士在不同实践环境中执行的所有领域和活动,并将基于共享概念促进不同环境下护理实践知识的发展。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/98aa/4880971/a7dc4d15bc6e/12912_2016_154_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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