利用林业废弃物制备生物吸附剂的价值评估:镉、铜、镍、铅和锌的竞争性吸附、解吸及迁移

Valorization of biosorbent obtained from a forestry waste: Competitive adsorption, desorption and transport of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn.

作者信息

Cutillas-Barreiro Laura, Paradelo Remigio, Igrexas-Soto Alba, Núñez-Delgado Avelino, Fernández-Sanjurjo María José, Álvarez-Rodriguez Esperanza, Garrote Gil, Nóvoa-Muñoz Juan Carlos, Arias-Estévez Manuel

机构信息

Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus de Ourense, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense Spain.

Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Escola Politécnica Superior, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo Spain.

出版信息

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2016 Sep;131:118-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.05.007. Epub 2016 May 24.

Abstract

Bark from Pinus pinaster is one of the most abundant forestry wastes in Europe, and among the proposed technologies for its reutilization, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater has been gaining increasing attention. In this work, we have studied the performance of pine bark for heavy metal biosorption on competitive systems. Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd sorption and desorption at equilibrium were studied in batch experiments, whereas transport was studied in column experiments. Batch experiments were performed adding simultaneously different concentrations (0.08-3.15mM) of two or more metals in solution to pine bark samples. Column experiments were performed with 10mM solutions of two metals or a 5mM solution of the five metals. In general, the results under competitive conditions were different to those obtained in monoelemental experiments. The multi-metal batch experiments showed the adsorption sequence Pb≈Cu>Cd>Zn>Ni for lower metal doses, Pb>Cu>Cd>Zn>Ni for intermediate doses, and Pb>Cu>Cd≈Zn≈Ni for high metal doses. Desorption followed the sequence Pb<Cd<Cu<Zn<Ni for the lowest metal doses, and Pb<Cu<Zn<Cd<Ni for the highest ones. The bi-metal batch experiments indicated that Cu and Pb suffered the highest retention, with high capacity to displace Cd, Ni and Zn from adsorption sites on pine bark. The transport experiments produced comparable results to those obtained in the batch experiments, with pine bark retention capacity following the sequence Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd>Ni. The presence of a second metal affected the transport of all the elements studied except Pb, and confirmed the strong influence of Pb and Cu on the retention of the other metals. These results can help to appropriately design decontamination systems using this forestry waste.

摘要

海岸松的树皮是欧洲最丰富的林业废弃物之一,在其再利用的诸多技术中,从废水中去除重金属越来越受到关注。在这项工作中,我们研究了松树皮在竞争体系中对重金属的生物吸附性能。通过批次实验研究了Pb、Cu、Ni、Zn和Cd在平衡状态下的吸附和解吸,而通过柱实验研究了它们的迁移。批次实验是向松树皮样品中同时加入不同浓度(0.08 - 3.15mM)的两种或更多种金属溶液。柱实验使用两种金属的10mM溶液或五种金属的5mM溶液进行。一般来说,竞争条件下的结果与单元素实验得到的结果不同。多金属批次实验表明,对于较低金属剂量,吸附顺序为Pb≈Cu>Cd>Zn>Ni;对于中等剂量,为Pb>Cu>Cd>Zn>Ni;对于高金属剂量,为Pb>Cu>Cd≈Zn≈Ni。对于最低金属剂量,解吸顺序为Pb<Cd<Cu<Zn<Ni,对于最高金属剂量,为Pb<Cu<Zn<Cd<Ni。双金属批次实验表明,Cu和Pb的保留率最高,具有从松树皮吸附位点上置换Cd、Ni和Zn的高能力。迁移实验产生了与批次实验相当的结果,松树皮的保留能力顺序为Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd>Ni。第二种金属的存在影响了除Pb之外所有研究元素的迁移,并证实了Pb和Cu对其他金属保留的强烈影响。这些结果有助于合理设计使用这种林业废弃物的去污系统。

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