Jacobs Philip, Moffatt Jessica, Dewa Carolyn S, Nguyen Thanh, Zhang Ting, Lesage Alain
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Ontario Renal Network, Toronto, Ontario.
Int J Law Psychiatry. 2016 Jul-Aug;47:102-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2016.04.008. Epub 2016 May 26.
Mental illness has been widely cited as a driver of costs in the criminal justice system.
The objective of this paper is to estimate the additional mental health service costs incurred within the criminal justice system that are incurred because of people with mental illnesses who go through the system. Our focus is on costs in Alberta.
We set up a model of the flow of all persons through the criminal justice system, including police, court, and corrections components, and for mental health diversion, review, and forensic services. We estimate the transitional probabilities and costs that accrue as persons who have been charged move through the system. Costs are estimated for the Alberta criminal justice system as a whole, and for the mental illness component.
Public expenditures for each person diverted or charged in Alberta in the criminal justice system, including mental health costs, were $16,138. The 95% range of this estimate was from $14,530 to $19,580. Of these costs, 87% were for criminal justice services and 13% were for mental illness-related services. Hospitalization for people with mental illness who were reviewed represented the greatest additional cost associated with mental illnesses.
Treatment costs stemming from mental illnesses directly add about 13% onto those in the criminal justice system.
精神疾病被广泛认为是刑事司法系统成本的一个驱动因素。
本文的目的是估计刑事司法系统内因患有精神疾病且经历该系统的人而产生的额外心理健康服务成本。我们关注的是艾伯塔省的成本情况。
我们建立了一个关于所有人在刑事司法系统中的流程模型，包括警察、法庭和惩教部分，以及心理健康分流、审查和法医服务。我们估计了被指控者在系统中流动时产生的转移概率和成本。对艾伯塔省整个刑事司法系统以及精神疾病部分的成本进行了估计。
在艾伯塔省刑事司法系统中，包括心理健康成本在内，为每个被分流或被指控的人支出的公共费用为16,138加元。该估计的95%范围为14,530加元至19,580加元。在这些成本中，87%用于刑事司法服务，13%用于与精神疾病相关的服务。接受审查的患有精神疾病的人的住院治疗是与精神疾病相关的最大额外成本。
精神疾病产生的治疗成本直接使刑事司法系统的成本增加了约13%。
