Li Zhu, Ma Tingting, Yuan Cheng, Hou Jinyu, Wang Qingling, Wu Longhua, Christie Peter, Luo Yongming
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Institute of Hanjiang, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Sep;23(17):17625-34. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6958-9. Epub 2016 May 28.
Four heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn), two metalloids (As and Sb) and two rare metals (In and Tl) were selected as target elements to ascertain their concentrations and accumulation in the soil-plant system and their effects on the structure of the soil microbial community in a typical area of rare metal smelting in south China. Twenty-seven soil samples 100, 500, 1000, 1500 and 3000 m from the smelter and 42 vegetable samples were collected to determine the concentrations of the target elements. Changes in soil micro-organisms were investigated using the Biolog test and 454 pyrosequencing. The concentrations of the eight target elements (especially As and Cd) were especially high in the topsoil 100 m from the smelter and decreased markedly with increasing distance from the smelter and with increasing soil depth. Cadmium bio-concentration factors in the vegetables were the highest followed by Tl, Cu, Zn, In, Sb, Pb, and then As. The concentrations of As, Cd and Pb in vegetables were 86.7, 100 and 80.0 %, respectively, over the permissible limits and possible contamination by Tl may also be of concern. Changes in soil microbial counts and average well colour development were also significantly different at different sampling distances from the smelter. The degree of tolerance to heavy metals appears to be fungi > bacteria > actinomycetes. The 454 pyrosequencing indicates that long-term metal contamination from the smelting activities has resulted in shifts in the composition of the soil bacterial community.
选取了四种重金属（镉、铜、铅和锌）、两种类金属（砷和锑）以及两种稀有金属（铟和铊）作为目标元素，以确定它们在土壤 - 植物系统中的浓度和积累情况，以及它们对中国南方稀有金属冶炼典型区域土壤微生物群落结构的影响。采集了距离冶炼厂100、500、1000、1500和3000米处的27个土壤样本以及42个蔬菜样本，以测定目标元素的浓度。使用Biolog测试和454焦磷酸测序技术研究土壤微生物的变化。在距离冶炼厂100米处的表层土壤中，这八种目标元素（尤其是砷和镉）的浓度特别高，并且随着与冶炼厂距离的增加以及土壤深度的增加而显著降低。蔬菜中镉的生物富集系数最高，其次是铊、铜、锌、铟、锑、铅，然后是砷。蔬菜中砷、镉和铅的浓度分别超过允许限量86.7%、100%和80.0%，铊的潜在污染也可能令人担忧。在距离冶炼厂不同的采样点，土壤微生物数量和平均孔颜色发展的变化也存在显著差异。对重金属的耐受程度似乎是真菌＞细菌＞放线菌。454焦磷酸测序表明，冶炼活动长期造成的金属污染已导致土壤细菌群落组成发生变化。
