Porciello Nicla, Kunkl Martina, Viola Antonella, Tuosto Loretta
Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University , Rome , Italy.
Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Front Immunol. 2016 May 13;7:186. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00186. eCollection 2016.
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate kinases (PIP5Ks) are critical regulators of T cell activation being the main enzymes involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2). PIP2 is indeed a pivotal regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, thus controlling T cell polarization and migration, stable adhesion to antigen-presenting cells, spatial organization of the immunological synapse, and co-stimulation. Moreover, PIP2 also serves as a precursor for the second messengers inositol triphosphate, diacylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate, which are essential for the activation of signaling pathways regulating cytokine production, cell cycle progression, survival, metabolism, and differentiation. Here, we discuss the impact of PIP5Ks on several T lymphocyte functions with a specific focus on the role of CD28 co-stimulation in PIP5K compartimentalization and activation.
磷脂酰肌醇4,5-二磷酸激酶(PIP5Ks)是T细胞活化的关键调节因子,是参与磷脂酰肌醇4,5-二磷酸(PIP2)合成的主要酶。PIP2确实是肌动蛋白细胞骨架的关键调节因子,从而控制T细胞极化和迁移、与抗原呈递细胞的稳定粘附、免疫突触的空间组织以及共刺激。此外,PIP2还是第二信使三磷酸肌醇、二酰基甘油和磷脂酰肌醇3,4,5-三磷酸的前体,这些对于调节细胞因子产生、细胞周期进程、存活、代谢和分化的信号通路的激活至关重要。在此,我们讨论PIP5Ks对几种T淋巴细胞功能的影响,特别关注CD28共刺激在PIP5K分隔和激活中的作用。