Whitfield-Harris Lisa, Lockhart Joan Such
ABNF J. 2016 Spring;27(2):28-38.
Diversity in academia requires attention, especially with the expected increase in minority populations in the United States (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, (AACN) 2014). Despite theoretical papers that suggest that several challenges are encountered by minority faculty employed in predominately White institutions, a dearth of research on this topic has been published. The purpose of this literature review was to analyze the published research that addressed the workplace environment of African-American faculty employed in predominately White institutions. In utilizing the keywords in various combinations, 236 articles were retrieved through multiple databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 studies were reviewed with only three related to nursing. Two themes were extracted from the review: 1) the cultural climate of the workplace environment and, 2) underrepresentation of African-American faculty. It is apparent from this review that additional research is needed to understand the experiences of this group of faculty to target effective recruitment and retention strategies.
学术界的多样性需要关注，尤其是在美国少数族裔人口预计会增加的情况下（美国护理学院协会，2014年）。尽管有理论论文指出，在以白人为主的机构中任职的少数族裔教师会遇到一些挑战，但关于这一主题的研究却很少发表。这篇文献综述的目的是分析已发表的研究，这些研究涉及在以白人为主的机构中任职的非裔美国教师的工作环境。通过在多个数据库中使用各种组合的关键词，检索到了236篇文章。在应用纳入和排除标准后，对15项研究进行了综述，其中只有3项与护理相关。从综述中提取了两个主题：1）工作环境的文化氛围，以及2）非裔美国教师代表性不足。从这篇综述中可以明显看出，需要进行更多的研究来了解这组教师的经历，以便制定有效的招聘和留用策略。
