Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada.
Chem Soc Rev. 2016 Nov 7;45(22):6345-6404. doi: 10.1039/c6cs00173d.
Organic electrode materials are very attractive for electrochemical energy storage devices because they can be flexible, lightweight, low cost, benign to the environment, and used in a variety of device architectures. They are not mere alternatives to more traditional energy storage materials, rather, they have the potential to lead to disruptive technologies. Although organic electrode materials for energy storage have progressed in recent years, there are still significant challenges to overcome before reaching large-scale commercialization. This review provides an overview of energy storage systems as a whole, the metrics that are used to quantify the performance of electrodes, recent strategies that have been investigated to overcome the challenges associated with organic electrode materials, and the use of computational chemistry to design and study new materials and their properties. Design strategies are examined to overcome issues with capacity/capacitance, device voltage, rate capability, and cycling stability in order to guide future work in the area. The use of low cost materials is highlighted as a direction towards commercial realization.
有机电极材料在电化学储能设备中非常有吸引力，因为它们可以具有柔韧性、轻便、低成本、对环境友好，并且可以用于各种器件结构。它们不仅仅是对更传统储能材料的替代，而是有可能带来颠覆性技术。尽管近年来用于储能的有机电极材料已经取得了进展，但在实现大规模商业化之前，仍有许多重大挑战需要克服。本综述全面介绍了储能系统，用于量化电极性能的指标，为克服有机电极材料相关挑战而研究的最新策略，以及使用计算化学设计和研究新材料及其性质。检查了设计策略，以克服与容量/电容、器件电压、倍率性能和循环稳定性相关的问题，以指导该领域的未来工作。强调使用低成本材料是实现商业化的一个方向。
