Moylan Shawn, Brown Christopher U, Slotwinski John
National Institute of Standards and Technology , 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
J Test Eval. 2016 Mar;44(2):1009-1018. doi: 10.1520/JTE20150317.
One way to improve confidence and encourage proliferation of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and parts is by generating more high quality data describing the performance of AM processes and parts. Many in the AM community see round robin studies as a way to generate large data sets while distributing the cost among the participants, thereby reducing the cost to individual users. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has conducted and participated in several of these AM round robin studies. While the results of these studies are interesting and informative, many of the lessons learned in conducting these studies concern the logistics and methods of the study and unique issues presented by AM. Existing standards for conducting interlaboratory studies of measurement methods, along with NIST's experience, form the basis for recommended protocols for conducting AM round robin studies. The role of round robin studies in AM qualification, some of the limitations of round robin studies, and the potential benefit of less formal collaborative experiments where multiple factors, AM machine being only one, are varied simultaneously are also discussed.
提高增材制造（AM）技术及部件的可信度并促进其推广的一种方法是生成更多描述增材制造工艺及部件性能的高质量数据。增材制造领域的许多人认为循环试验研究是一种生成大型数据集的方式，同时能让参与者分担成本，从而降低单个用户的成本。美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）已经开展并参与了多项此类增材制造循环试验研究。虽然这些研究的结果有趣且信息丰富，但在开展这些研究过程中吸取的许多经验教训都涉及研究的后勤保障和方法，以及增材制造带来的独特问题。开展测量方法实验室间研究的现有标准，以及NIST的经验，构成了开展增材制造循环试验研究推荐方案的基础。本文还讨论了循环试验研究在增材制造鉴定中的作用、循环试验研究的一些局限性，以及在同时改变多个因素（增材制造机器只是其中之一）的情况下进行不太正式的协作实验的潜在益处。
