National Practice Patterns of Antireflux Medication for Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

IMPORTANCE

Antireflux medication has been endorsed as a useful adjunctive therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis, but its use remains controversial.

OBJECTIVES

To determine whether chronic rhinosinusitis is associated with administration of proton pump inhibitors, histamine2-receptor antagonists, antacids, or prokinetic agents; whether practice patterns vary according to visit setting; and whether those patterns vary according to the presence or absence of potentially confounding conditions.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed of data from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2010, from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, which included 590 772 observations representing 7 191 711 480 ambulatory care visits. Univariate, multivariate, and stratified analyses were performed from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2010.

EXPOSURES

Chronic rhinosinusitis.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

The probability of receiving antireflux medications was the main measured outcome.

RESULTS

Of 7 191 711 480 ambulatory care visits, those for chronic rhinosinusitis were not more likely to result in the administration of proton pump inhibitors (odds ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.62-1.63; P = .99) or antacids and prokinetic agents (odds ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.30-5.10; P = .77). In addition, patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were less likely to receive histamine2-receptor antagonists than were those without chronic rhinosinusitis, even when adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, visit setting, other antireflux agents, and presence or absence of gastroesophageal reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux, or allergy diagnoses (odds ratio, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.12-0.57; P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

National practice patterns observed thus far have not favored the use of proton pump inhibitors, histamine2-receptor antagonists, antacids, or prokinetic agents for chronic rhinosinusitis.