Krztoń Wojciech, Pudaś Krzysztof, Pociecha Agnieszka, Strzesak Magdalena, Kosiba Joanna, Walusiak Edward, Szarek-Gwiazda Ewa, Wilk-Woźniak Elżbieta
Department of Freshwater Biology, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
Municipal Water and Sewage Company Sp. z o.o., Kraków, Poland.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2017 Jan;36(1):165-174. doi: 10.1002/etc.3519. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
The authors tested the hypothesis that zooplankton diversity and density are affected by the presence of cyanotoxins in the water. The authors focused on 4 oxbow lakes of the Vistula River in southern Poland, which are subjected to mass cyanobacterial development. In 2 of the oxbows (Piekary and Tyniec), microcystins released into the water were found. The highest concentration of microcystins (0.246 μg/L) was observed for microcystins LR. Zooplankton diversity showed a weak response to the presence of microcystins released into the water. The Shannon index (H') of total zooplankton diversity decreased in the Piekary and Tyniec oxbows during periods when the microcystin concentrations were highest. The same trend was noted for diversity of rotifers in both oxbows and for diversity of copepods in Piekary, but not for copepods in Tyniec. No such trends were found for the diversity of cladocerans in any of the oxbows, nor was a relationship found between density of zooplankton and microcystins. Statistical analyses showed that the number of species in individual samples was negatively correlated with the levels of sulfates, phosphates, and ammonia, but the microcystin concentration was positively related to those levels. This points to the complexity of the interactions and synergies among toxins, abiotic factors, and zooplankton biodiversity. In focusing on the problem of cyanotoxins, conservation studies should pay attention to this complexity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:165-174. © 2016 SETAC.
浮游动物的多样性和密度受到水中蓝藻毒素存在的影响。作者聚焦于波兰南部维斯瓦河的4个牛轭湖，这些湖泊正经历大规模蓝藻爆发。在其中2个牛轭湖（皮耶卡里和蒂涅茨）中，发现了释放到水中的微囊藻毒素。微囊藻毒素LR的浓度最高（0.246μg/L）。浮游动物多样性对释放到水中的微囊藻毒素的存在反应微弱。在微囊藻毒素浓度最高的时期，皮耶卡里和蒂涅茨牛轭湖中的总浮游动物多样性的香农指数（H'）下降。两个牛轭湖中轮虫的多样性以及皮耶卡里牛轭湖中桡足类的多样性呈现相同趋势，但蒂涅茨牛轭湖中桡足类的多样性并非如此。在任何一个牛轭湖中，枝角类的多样性均未发现此类趋势，浮游动物密度与微囊藻毒素之间也未发现相关性。统计分析表明，单个样本中的物种数量与硫酸盐、磷酸盐和氨的含量呈负相关，但微囊藻毒素浓度与这些含量呈正相关。这表明毒素、非生物因素和浮游动物生物多样性之间的相互作用和协同作用很复杂。在关注蓝藻毒素问题时，保护研究应注意这种复杂性。《环境毒理学与化学》2017年；36：165 - 174。© 2016 SETAC。
